{"id":258575,"date":"2024-10-24T15:14:03","date_gmt":"2024-10-24T19:14:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/?p=258575"},"modified":"2024-12-11T16:15:23","modified_gmt":"2024-12-11T20:15:23","slug":"how-to-remove-gadolinium-from-brain-and-body-tissue","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/?p=258575","title":{"rendered":"<h2><b>How To Remove Gadolinium From Brain And Body Tissue<\/b><\/h2>"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"block-6201450072775bce6bfe\" class=\"sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html\" data-block-type=\"2\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\">\n<h1>The Dangers Of Gadolinium and GBCAs<\/h1>\n<p>Mybiohack.com<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!--more--><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-258680\" src=\"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/MRIgadolinium.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/MRIgadolinium.jpg 750w, http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/MRIgadolinium-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_219093\" class=\"sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html\" data-block-type=\"2\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\">\n<p class=\"\">I have visited ERs and hospitals during my adventure to regain my health and have had my fair share of scans.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">If you&#8217;ve ever had an MRI with contrast before, then there&#8217;s a likelihood that you have some levels of the lanthanide element gadolinium stored in your body and\/or brain. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs00330-015-3879-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">In this post, we will discuss the epigenetic effects of gadolinium and some experimental ways to remove it from the body.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_1_1520874467105_21432\" class=\"sqs-block code-block sqs-block-code sqs-col-2 span-2 float float-right\" data-block-type=\"23\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\"><center><a class=\"printfriendly\" tabindex=\"0\" title=\"Printer Friendly and PDF\" href=\"https:\/\/www.printfriendly.com\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/s\/print-button-blue.png\" alt=\"Print Friendly and PDF\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_1_1520874467105_25365\" class=\"sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html\" data-block-type=\"2\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\">\n<h2>Contents:<\/h2>\n<ol data-rte-list=\"default\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/gadolinium-based-chelation-contrast-agents-removal#basics\">Basics Of Gadolinium<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/gadolinium-based-chelation-contrast-agents-removal#downsides\">Downsides Of Gadolinium<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/gadolinium-based-chelation-contrast-agents-removal#leves\">Gadolinium Levels And Testing<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/gadolinium-based-chelation-contrast-agents-removal#remove\">Ways To Remove And Protect Against Gadolinium<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/gadolinium-based-chelation-contrast-agents-removal#alternatives\">Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent Alternatives<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/gadolinium-based-chelation-contrast-agents-removal#worse\">What Makes Gadolinium Exposure Worse?<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/gadolinium-based-chelation-contrast-agents-removal#mechanism\">Mechanism Of Action<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/gadolinium-based-chelation-contrast-agents-removal#more\">More Research<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_291795\" class=\"sqs-block code-block sqs-block-code\" data-block-type=\"23\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<h2>Basics Of Gadolinium<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_291862\" class=\"sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html\" data-block-type=\"2\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\">\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Gadolinium<\/strong> (Gd) is a lanthanide chemical element, and highly toxic, so it must be bound to a chelated medium (which we call <strong>gadolinium-based contrast agents <\/strong>or <strong>GBCA<\/strong>),\u00a0to reduce its harmful effects. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gadolinium\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">GBCAs allowed up to see the body light up during scans and has been a huge advance in medical scans.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Unfortunately, no revolutionary technology goes without it&#8217;s downsides.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Gd in GBCAs was originally believed to be excreted by the body, but unfortunately we have discovered that Gd may accumulate in tissue, since GBCAs stability may deposit free Gd (Gd3+)\u00a0into tissue.\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs10534-016-9931-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Lanthanides toxicology have been well known and Gd3+\u00a0is no exception.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_295788\" class=\"sqs-block code-block sqs-block-code\" data-block-type=\"23\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<h2>Downsides Of Gadolinium<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_295855\" class=\"sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html\" data-block-type=\"2\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\">\n<h3>1. Accumulates In The Body And Brain<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-258681\" src=\"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/braingadolinium.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"750\" srcset=\"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/braingadolinium.jpg 750w, http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/braingadolinium-300x300.jpg 300w, http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/braingadolinium-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/>Image Reference: <a href=\"https:\/\/i.imgur.com\/uLZXsRH.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer nofollow noopener\">https:\/\/i.imgur.com\/uLZXsRH.png<\/a><br \/>\n(*Image provided by <strong>Teleradiology Software<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.medicai.io\/solutions\/teleradiology\">https:\/\/www.medicai.io\/solutions\/teleradiology<\/a>)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_228151\" class=\"sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html\" data-block-type=\"2\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\">\n<p class=\"\">Repeated exposure to Gd has shown to accumulate in the body and brain and increase the risk of gd-related toxicity by increasing inflammation in the tissue it is in. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs10534-016-9931-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">This has been shown to independent of kidney function or impairment. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs10534-016-9931-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Gd has been found to accumulate in the:<\/p>\n<ul data-rte-list=\"default\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Bone <\/strong>&#8211; Bone tissue samples from those who underwent hip surgery found out Gd concentrations in bone did not change after 8 years after original exposure. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/Content\/ArticleLanding\/2009\/MT\/b905145g#!divAbstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs10534-016-9931-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Brain<\/strong> &#8211; Especially in the cerebellum, dentate nucleus and globus pallidus <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.rsna.org\/doi\/10.1148\/radiol.14140364\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs00330-015-3879-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/092583889290363E?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25742194\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.rsna.org\/doi\/10.1148\/radiol.2016160905\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Eye<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25257840\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Heart<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25257840\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Kidneys<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs00330-008-0977-y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Liver<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pancreatology.net\/article\/S1424-3903(12)00550-9\/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Lungs<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25257840\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Pancreas<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pancreatology.net\/article\/S1424-3903(12)00550-9\/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Skeletal Muscle<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25257840\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Skin<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs00330-008-0977-y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Vessel Wall<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25257840\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. Causes Excitotoxicity And Brain Damage<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\">Gd mimics calcium (Ca2+)\u00a0in the body and may block voltage-gated calcium channels, therefore inhibiting Ca2+\u00a0-dependent processes such as:<\/p>\n<ul data-rte-list=\"default\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Blood coagulation <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.3109\/10408444.2014.955568\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Contraction of smooth <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.3109\/10408444.2014.955568\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Hormone regulation <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/10830318\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Skeletal and cardiac muscle <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.3109\/10408444.2014.955568\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Transmission of nerve impulses <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmri.21966\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\">Gd may also lower <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/how-to-increase-bdnf-brain-derived-neurotropic-factor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>brain-derived neurotrophic factor<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0(BDNF) expression. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25603044\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Gd can easily (slowly) pass through and\/or disrupt the <strong>blood-brain barrier<\/strong> (BBB). <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs11547-017-0757-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a>\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28653860\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a>\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27580521\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Use of GBCAs may get into the brain easier with a disrupted BBB (such as after a Traumatic Brain Injury). <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27580521\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a>\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/29111495\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Gd in the brain may worsen <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/naturally-increase-verbal-fluency-recall-confidence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>verbal fluency<\/strong><\/a>. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ajnr.org\/content\/38\/7\/1311\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>3. Destroys Cells And Mitochondria<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\">Gd stresses the <strong>endoplasmic reticulum<\/strong> (ER) of cells and may cause <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/protein-misfolding-proteopathy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>proteopathy<\/strong><\/a>. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21198628\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">It also may directly induce cell death (necrosis and apoptosis). <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.rsna.org\/doi\/10.1148\/radiol.2422060245\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Gd may cause <strong>mitochondria<\/strong> to die (too much oxidative stress). <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12902150\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a>\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20398695\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a>\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S092777651630861X?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>4. Neurotoxic To The Nervous System<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-258682\" src=\"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/nervoussystemgadolinium.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/nervoussystemgadolinium.jpg 1280w, http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/nervoussystemgadolinium-300x169.jpg 300w, http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/nervoussystemgadolinium-1024x576.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/nervoussystemgadolinium-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_250438\" class=\"sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html\" data-block-type=\"2\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\">\n<p class=\"\">Gd may be neurotoxic to the nervous system. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5302442\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">For example, in a case study, Gd has shown to cause encephalopathy. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ajnr.org\/content\/30\/1\/e1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">In animal models, Gd has shown to cause myoclonus, ataxia, tremor, and corpus callosum damage and hemorrhage. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/8938312\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Long-term oral administration of lanthanides has shown to affect learning and memory, swimming and walking abilities, and touch response behavior in rats. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/10974596\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>5. Activates The Immune System<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\">Although rare, GBCAs can cause acute allergic reactions via non-IgE-mediated <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/mastcells\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>mast cell degranulation<\/strong><\/a> and complement activation. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmri.25625\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">GBCA exposure activates <strong>toll-like receptor<\/strong> (TLR) 4 and TLR7-mediated gene expression, resulting in increased production of many cytokines (such as IL-6), chemokines, and growth factors (ie TGF-b1). <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22649203\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a>\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20471468\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Gadolinium is also a potent inhibitor of the <strong>mononuclear phagocyte system<\/strong> (MPS)\u00a0and GdCl3 is widely used to kill Kupffer cells in animal models. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4771376\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>6. Impairs Kidney Function<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\">Gd may cause renal failure or toxicity.\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16948524\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a>\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5598745\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">For example, a 56-year-old woman with normal kidney function had 2 consecutive vascular imaging procedures with GBCA and a few days later, the patient developed acute renal failure and acute tubular necrosis. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16948524\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis<\/strong> (NSF) is a major complication from Gd exposure and may possibly be worse in those with lower <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/longevity-intelligence-klotho-genetics-fat-vitamin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Klotho expression<\/strong><\/a>. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ndt\/article\/22\/11\/3179\/1835796\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a>\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3501952\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>7. Inflames The Pancreas<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\">Gd has shown to cause acute pancreatitis. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pancreatology.net\/article\/S1424-3903(12)00550-9\/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">For example, Gd-induced recurrent acute pancreatitis was reported in a 58-year-old woman administered gadobenate dimeglumine for MRI.\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pancreatology.net\/article\/S1424-3903(12)00550-9\/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>8. May Be Toxic To The Liver<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\">In humans, Gd has shown to induce hepatotoxicity (vacuolar degeneration, disorganized hepatic cords).\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pancreatology.net\/article\/S1424-3903(12)00550-9\/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">It can also increase TG, LDL, and VLDL levels while reducing HDL levels. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>9. Alters Blood Homeostasis<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\">Gd may be hematoxic, as it has shown to reduce WBC count in animals. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsnano.5b05783\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Gadolinium also blocks the ability for blood cells to hydrolyze ATP.\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21445527\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">It make the heart more susceptible to phenylephrine (via stimulation of angiotensin II AT1 receptors).\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21445527\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">It also reduces <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/blood-pressure-how-to-increase-or-decrease-it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>nitric oxide<\/strong><\/a> (NO) bioavailability. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21445527\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>10. Inflames The Skin<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-258684\" src=\"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/gadoliniumskin.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"903\" srcset=\"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/gadoliniumskin.jpg 1280w, http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/gadoliniumskin-300x212.jpg 300w, http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/gadoliniumskin-1024x722.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/gadoliniumskin-768x542.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_240164\" class=\"sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html\" data-block-type=\"2\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\">\n<p class=\"\">In animal models exposed to Gd, their skin had more scarring and swelling. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs00330-008-0977-y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Gd3+ has a proliferative effect on fibroblasts in vitro \u00a0and may promote their migration. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.3109\/10408444.2014.955568\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>11. Alters Bone Turnover<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\">Gd exposure may be correlated with <strong>osteoperosis<\/strong>\u00a0(as Gd can substitute for calcium in the bone hydroxyapatite structure).\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/tx300064m\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Total Gd3+ concentration has been shown to be significantly lower in patients with osteoporotic fractures exposed to GBCAs than in osteoarthritic patients. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlehtml\/2009\/mt\/b905145g\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>12. May Play A Role In Cancer<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\">Insoluble deposits containing Gd3+\u00a0have been found in brain tumors following contrast-enhanced MRI. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.3109\/02841851.2010.515614\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>13. Induces Reproductive And Transgenerational Problems<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\">If Gd is anything like it&#8217;s relative lanthanide,\u00a0samarium, then Gd may cause reproductive toxicity in men. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24561534\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Pregnancy can lead to mobilization of Gd from bone through the placenta into the fetus. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25763829\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27599330\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27469211\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18374532\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a>\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.rsna.org\/doi\/10.1148\/radiol.2017162534\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">This may increase the risk of a broad set of rheumatological, inflammatory or infiltrative skin conditions, and for stillbirth or neonatal death. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27599330\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a>\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28915162\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>14. Alters Thyroid Function<\/h3>\n<p class=\"\">Gd can alter <strong>thyroid hormones<\/strong> by binding to <strong>thyroid hormone receptors<\/strong> (THR) in the brain.\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4999949\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">THs (especially T3 and T4)\u00a0play important roles in brain development, including the development of the cerebellum. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18923818\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/10754532\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Gd can directly induce cell death to these THR neurons. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4999949\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_299611\" class=\"sqs-block code-block sqs-block-code\" data-block-type=\"23\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<h2>Gadolinium Levels And Testing<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_299678\" class=\"sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html\" data-block-type=\"2\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\">\n<p class=\"\">Having no Gd levels is good and repeated exposure can increase retention in the body.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Testing the bone may be the best way to get accurate levels (without looking at brain tissue). <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26863577\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Testing in the hair or blood can also performed (<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.truehealthlabs.com\/ProductDetails.asp?ProductCode=gordon_immune_panel#lhe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>get hair test done here<\/strong><\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_260400\" class=\"sqs-block code-block sqs-block-code\" data-block-type=\"23\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<h2>Ways To Remove And Protect Against Gadolinium<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"row sqs-row\">\n<div class=\"col sqs-col-4 span-4\">\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_265559\" class=\"sqs-block spacer-block sqs-block-spacer sized vsize-1\" data-block-type=\"21\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col sqs-col-3 span-3\">\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_262271\" class=\"sqs-block amazon-block sqs-block-amazon\" data-block-json=\"{&quot;hSize&quot;:null,&quot;floatDir&quot;:null,&quot;amazonProduct&quot;:{&quot;imageWidthMedium&quot;:122,&quot;salePrice&quot;:&quot;$17.99&quot;,&quot;imageHeightSmall&quot;:75,&quot;imageUrlLarge&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com\/images\/I\/51AgGGB0ZSL.jpg&quot;,&quot;authors&quot;:[],&quot;imageUrlMedium&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com\/images\/I\/51AgGGB0ZSL._SL160_.jpg&quot;,&quot;listPrice&quot;:&quot;$39.95&quot;,&quot;artists&quot;:[],&quot;detailPageUrl&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Activated-Charcoal-Powder-Moody-Zook\/dp\/B01DK5E502?psc=1&amp;SubscriptionId=AKIAIOCEBIGP6NUBL47A&amp;tag=%5Bassociate-id-placeholder%5D&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;camp=2025&amp;creative=165953&amp;creativeASIN=B01DK5E502&quot;,&quot;imageWidthLarge&quot;:382,&quot;productGroup&quot;:&quot;Beauty&quot;,&quot;manufacturer&quot;:&quot;Guangdong Hanyan Activated Carbon Manufacturing Co., LTD.&quot;,&quot;imageUrlSmall&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com\/images\/I\/51AgGGB0ZSL._SL75_.jpg&quot;,&quot;authorshipInfo&quot;:&quot;Guangdong Hanyan Activated Carbon Manufacturing Co., LTD.&quot;,&quot;imageHeightMedium&quot;:160,&quot;asin&quot;:&quot;B01DK5E502&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Activated Charcoal Powder by Moody Zook - Organic Charcoal Teeth Whitening Charcoal Toothpaste Powder Carbon Coco Powder - Natural Food Grade Face Mask Raw Charcoal Powder, Detox, Digestion, Skin Care&quot;,&quot;imageHeightLarge&quot;:500,&quot;imageWidthSmall&quot;:57,&quot;actors&quot;:[]},&quot;showBuyButton&quot;:true,&quot;alignment&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;showTitle&quot;:false,&quot;showAuthor&quot;:false}\" data-block-type=\"46\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"amazon-block\">\n<div class=\"image-container\"><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Activated-Charcoal-Powder-Moody-Zook\/dp\/B01DK5E502?psc=1&amp;SubscriptionId=AKIAIOCEBIGP6NUBL47A&amp;tag=l08d4-20&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;camp=2025&amp;creative=165953&amp;creativeASIN=B01DK5E502\" target=\"new\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com\/images\/I\/51AgGGB0ZSL.jpg\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"amazon-details center\"><a class=\"buy-button\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Activated-Charcoal-Powder-Moody-Zook\/dp\/B01DK5E502?psc=1&amp;SubscriptionId=AKIAIOCEBIGP6NUBL47A&amp;tag=l08d4-20&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;camp=2025&amp;creative=165953&amp;creativeASIN=B01DK5E502\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-animation-role=\"button\"><span class=\"sqs-amazon-button sqs-system-button sqs-editable-button sqs-button-element--primary\">Buy on Amazon<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col sqs-col-5 span-5\">\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_268501\" class=\"sqs-block spacer-block sqs-block-spacer sized vsize-1\" data-block-type=\"21\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_260466\" class=\"sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html\" data-block-type=\"2\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\">\n<h3>Remove:<\/h3>\n<ul data-rte-list=\"default\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Activated-Charcoal-Powder-Moody-Zook\/dp\/B01DK5E502\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?s=hpc&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1516206562&amp;sr=1-5&amp;keywords=organic+activated+charcoal&amp;linkCode=ll1&amp;tag=l08d4-20&amp;linkId=b7f759cf2939a3b2f206b00b9554f0f7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Activated Carbon<\/strong><\/a> (from <strong>guava<\/strong> or <strong>avocado<\/strong>) <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28144867\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Deferasirox <\/strong>(iron chelator, not strong) <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4879157\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Deferiprone <\/strong>(iron chelator, not strong) &#8211; decreased the release of catalytic iron by cells treated with Gd <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4879157\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/deferoxamine-hypoxia-iron-alzheimers-parkinsons-liver-alternatives\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Deferoxamine<\/strong><\/a> (iron chelator) &#8211; doubled urinary excretion of gadolinium <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25984024\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid<\/strong> (DTPA) &#8211; stronger affinity to Gd than EDTA <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27693607\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>EDTA<\/strong> &#8211; weak affinity to Gd <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27693607\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>1,2-HOPO SAMMS<\/strong> &#8211; has high affinity, rapid removal rate, and large sorption capacity for both free and chelated Gd <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nanomedjournal.com\/article\/S1549-9634(09)00093-8\/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Protect:<\/h3>\n<ul data-rte-list=\"default\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Corticosteroids<\/strong> &#8211; may help prevent <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/mastcells\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>mast cell degranulation<\/strong><\/a> during GBCA administration <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmri.25625\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Daclizumab<\/strong> &#8211; may reduce lesion damage from Gd on T1 and T2 in MS patients <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24409199\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Imatinib<\/strong> &#8211; decreased gd-induced dermal hypercellularity <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25257840\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>MAP-kinase antagonists<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12011-011-9176-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/benefits-of-milk-thistle-silymarin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Milk Thistle<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; prevents contrast-induced renal dysfunction <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4755255\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Mitoxantrone<\/strong> (Novantrone) &#8211; may reduce lesion damage from Gd on T1 and T2 in MS patients <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15089110\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Life-Extension-N-Acetyl-Cysteine-vegetarian\/dp\/B008ML8D4O\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1516206505&amp;sr=8-3&amp;keywords=nacetyl+cysteine&amp;th=1&amp;linkCode=ll1&amp;tag=l08d4-20&amp;linkId=12516adbd1b010a237a179964f11d905\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>N-acetylcysteine<\/strong><\/a> (NAC) &#8211; blocks neurotoxic effects of Gd on ER stress\/<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/protein-misfolding-proteopathy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>proteopathy<\/strong><\/a> as well as metabolic injury from Gd <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21198628\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>NSC23766 <\/strong>(Rac inhibitor) &#8211; reduced migration of skin cells <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10534-014-9769-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>PI3K antagonists <\/strong><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12011-011-9176-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/BRI-Nutrition-Resveratrol-Strength-Supplement\/dp\/B00LPW9X32\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?s=hpc&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1503676951&amp;sr=1-4&amp;keywords=resveratrol&amp;th=1&amp;linkCode=ll1&amp;tag=l08d4-20&amp;linkId=c0038b93cc60c8d7b1a6132bc07fc0c4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Resveratrol<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; prevents contrast induce dysfunction (via activation of SIRT1-PGC-1\u03b1-FoxO1) <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/29035878\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Tempol<\/strong> &#8211; reduces oxidation by Gd in skin <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0002944012006682\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>T3<\/strong> &#8211; may protect against low levels of Gd <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4999949\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_307780\" class=\"sqs-block code-block sqs-block-code\" data-block-type=\"23\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<h2>Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent Alternatives<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_307847\" class=\"sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html\" data-block-type=\"2\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\">\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Extremely small-sized iron oxide NPs<\/strong> (ESIONs)\u00a0exhibit fewer adverse effects than the MnO NPs and the clinically used GDI GBCAs. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsnano.5b05783\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_311976\" class=\"sqs-block code-block sqs-block-code\" data-block-type=\"23\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<h2>What Makes Gadolinium Exposure Worse?<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_312043\" class=\"sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html\" data-block-type=\"2\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\">\n<p class=\"\">High levels of <strong>phosphate<\/strong>, <strong>erythropoietin<\/strong> (EPO) and\/or <strong>iron<\/strong> may make Gd exposure worse. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25257840\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Low renal function can also make Gd exposure a higher risk.\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25257840\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Zinc<\/strong> may also make GBCA&#8217;s less stable (in vitro). <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmri.21845\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a>\u00a0<a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20829541\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Glycosaminoglycans (N-acetylgalactosamine +\u00a0galactose), possibly. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23281283\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_318616\" class=\"sqs-block code-block sqs-block-code\" data-block-type=\"23\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<h2>Mechanism Of Action<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_318683\" class=\"sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html\" data-block-type=\"2\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\">\n<h3>Simple:<\/h3>\n<ul data-rte-list=\"default\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>ACE<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21445527\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>\u03b1SMA<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1152\/ajprenal.00379.2014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>ATF4<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21198628\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>ATF6<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21198628\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>Beta-galactosidase<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4999949\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>C\/EBP<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21198628\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>Caspase-3<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20398695\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>CaSR<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.3109\/10408444.2014.955568\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>CXCL11<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cei.12211\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>Cyt-c <\/strong><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12902150\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20398695\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>Fibronectin<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1152\/ajprenal.00379.2014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>Glycine <\/strong><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>GPC <\/strong><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>Granulocytes<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsnano.5b05783\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>GSSG <\/strong><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>hPAP<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0002944012006682\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>Hyaluronan<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3164303\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>IFN-alpha<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.24471\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>IFN\u03b3<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.24471\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>IL-4<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.24471\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>IL-6<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsnano.5b05783\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.24471\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>IL-13<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.24471\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>KIM-1<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5598745\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>Lactate <\/strong><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20398695\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>LDL<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>Lymphocytes<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsnano.5b05783\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>MCP-1<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0940299308001772\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>MCP-3<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0940299308001772\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>MIP1\u03b2<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0940299308001772\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>MIP-2<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0940299308001772\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>MMP-1 <\/strong><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/journals.lww.com\/investigativeradiology\/Abstract\/2009\/02000\/Effects_of_Gadolinium_Based_Magnetic_Resonance.3.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>NGAL<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5598745\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>Osteopontin<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0940299308001772\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>PC<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>PDGF<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12079-012-0164-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>ROS <\/strong><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20398695\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12902150\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>SCF<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/journals.lww.com\/investigativeradiology\/Abstract\/2011\/01000\/The_Role_of_Residual_Gadolinium_in_the_Induction.6.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>TGF\u03b2<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1152\/ajprenal.00379.2014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.24471\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>TIMP-1<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/journals.lww.com\/investigativeradiology\/Abstract\/2009\/02000\/Effects_of_Gadolinium_Based_Magnetic_Resonance.3.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>TLR-4<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jimmunol.org\/content\/189\/1\/318.short\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>TLR-7<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.jimmunol.org\/content\/189\/1\/318.short\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>TMAO<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>TNF-a <\/strong><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0940299308001772\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsnano.5b05783\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>VEGF<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.24471\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>VLDL<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>XBP1<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21198628\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Increases <strong>XCL10<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cei.12211\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Acetate<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Acetoacetate<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>ADP<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21445527\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Alanine<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>alpha-Glucose<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Allantoin<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>ANG-II-AT1<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21445527\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>ATP<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21445527\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Betaine<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase <\/strong><a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.3109\/10408444.2014.955568\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>CCN2<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12079-012-0164-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>CCN3<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12079-012-0164-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Choline<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Citrate<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>EH<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.3109\/10408444.2014.955568\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Glutamine<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>GST<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.3109\/10408444.2014.955568\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>HDL<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Glutamate<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Histidine<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Isoleucine<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Leucine<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Myo-inositol<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>NAG<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/blood-pressure-how-to-increase-or-decrease-it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>NO<\/strong><\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21445527\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Succinate<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>TMA<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Threonine<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/2016\/8\/28\/tyrosine-an-amino-acid-for-depression-and-energy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Tyrosine<\/strong><\/a> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>Valine<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28934030\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Reduces <strong>WBC<\/strong> <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsnano.5b05783\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Advanced:<\/h3>\n<ul data-rte-list=\"default\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Gd agents (GBACs) consist of a central paramagnetic Gd3+ chelated to a ligand to prevent direct toxicity by free Gd3+. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs10534-016-9931-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Low-stability GBACs may gradually dissociate, leading to the formation of insoluble Gd3+ salts and\/or soluble Gd3+ (bound to proteins, peptides or glycosaminoglycans [GAG]). <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.3109\/10408444.2014.955568\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Free Gd3+ is a toxic lanthanide heavy metal with a size similar to that of Ca2+. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs10534-016-9931-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">This similarity can lead to competitive inhibition of biological processes requiring Ca2+ and cause toxicity. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs10534-016-9931-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Lanthanide ions such as Gd3+ can bind to Ca2+ binding enzymes and affect voltagegated calcium channels, and therefore, lead to adverse biological effects. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs10534-016-9931-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Lanthanides are more soluble in serum than in water. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/inis.iaea.org\/search\/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:12581500\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Gadolinium also inhibits the activity of <strong>Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase<\/strong>, <strong>glutathione S-transferases<\/strong> (GST), <strong>epoxide hydrolase <\/strong>(EH), and certain dehydrogenases and kinases. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.3109\/10408444.2014.955568\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Gd3+ can induce allosteric activation of the G-protein-coupled calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.3109\/10408444.2014.955568\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">The maximum number of unpaired electrons is 7, in Gd3+, with a magnetic moment of 7.94 B.M., but the largest magnetic moments, at 10.4\u201310.7 B.M., are exhibited by Dy3+ and Ho3+. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lanthanide#Upcoming_Medical_Uses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">However, in Gd3+ all the electrons have parallel spin and this property is important for the use of gadolinium complexes as contrast reagent in MRI scans. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lanthanide#Upcoming_Medical_Uses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Dechelation leading to the release of free Gd3+ may lead to the release of chemokines and subsequent attraction of CD34 + fibrocytes followed by the development of fibrosis. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.3109\/10408444.2014.955568\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">EPO can increase the expression of the profibrotic chemokine monocyte-chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25257840\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">In the thyroid, disruption of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis by blocking calcium channels with Gd-DTPA-BMA may alter CaMKIV activity, leading to alteration of TR-mediated transcription. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4999949\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Gd may cause T1 shortening in the cerebral cortex. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/mrms\/16\/1\/16_mp.2016-0054\/_article\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Gd binds highly to phosphate. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28379006\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_322690\" class=\"sqs-block code-block sqs-block-code\" data-block-type=\"23\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<h2>More Research<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"block-yui_3_17_2_6_1516199020209_322757\" class=\"sqs-block html-block sqs-block-html\" data-block-type=\"2\">\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\">\n<ul data-rte-list=\"default\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">The current FDA and EMA-approved GBCAs are gadobenate (MultiHance), gadobutrol (Gadavist), gadodiamide (Omniscan), gadopentetate (Magnevist), gadoterate (Dotarem), gadoteridol (ProHance), gadoversetamide (OptiMARK), gadoxetate (Eovist), and gadofosveset (Ablavar, US only). <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4879157\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Gd3+ concentration was significantly higher (180-fold) in rats skin that received gadodiamide than in those treated with gadoteric acid. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"http:\/\/qims.amegroups.com\/article\/view\/6905\/7967\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Gd shows no evidence to by ototoxic (toxic to hearing). <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25823415\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"\">Gd may have benefits at preventing colon polyps. <a tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs12011-012-9503-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>___<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/gadolinium-based-chelation-contrast-agents-removal\">https:\/\/mybiohack.com\/blog\/gadolinium-based-chelation-contrast-agents-removal<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Dangers Of Gadolinium and GBCAs Mybiohack.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-258575","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258575","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=258575"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258575\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=258575"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=258575"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=258575"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}