{"id":124737,"date":"2022-07-16T16:45:38","date_gmt":"2022-07-16T20:45:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/?p=124737"},"modified":"2022-07-16T17:03:33","modified_gmt":"2022-07-16T21:03:33","slug":"this-is-why-biden-and-israel-are-such-big-fans-of-mbs-saudis-new-smart-city-megaproject-neom-see-bladerunner-rendering","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/?p=124737","title":{"rendered":": This is why Biden and Israel are such big fans of MBS&#8212;Saudi&#8217;s new smart city megaproject NEOM. (See Bladerunner Rendering)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_124739\" style=\"width: 1210px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-124739\" class=\"wp-image-124739 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/1200x-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/1200x-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/1200x-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/1200x-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-124739\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A rendering from an internal \u201cstyle catalog\u201d for the planned high-tech region of Neom that was seen by Bloomberg Businessweek. Photographer: Iman Al-Dabbagh<\/p><\/div>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<header class=\"css--lede-root mb-8\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<section class=\"css--lede-inset-wrapper w-full h-auto my-0 mx-auto p-0 pt-10 md:w-10\/12 lg:max-w-5xl\">\n<div class=\"css--lede-text-group max-w-full lg:px-4 mx-auto my-8\">\n<div class=\"css--title-width-wrapper max-w-screen-title w-full relative my-4 px-4 mx-auto clear-both\">\n<div class=\"css--lede-hed-wrapper w-full relative text-left mt-4\">\n<div class=\"dvz-v0-eyebrow\">\n<div class=\"css--hed-eyebrow max-w-screen-sm mx-auto text-base md:text-lg lg:text-xl mb-1 font-sans not-italic\"><strong class=\"font-black text-current\">Businessweek<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1 class=\"css--lede-hed text-2xl md:text-3xl lg:text-5xl tracking-tight font-inherit max-w-screen-sm mx-auto\">MBS\u2019s $500 Billion Desert Dream Just Keeps Getting Weirder<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"max-w-screen-sm mx-auto\">\n<div class=\"css--lede-dek-wrapper text-left mt-2\">\n<div class=\"css--lede-dek text-base md:text-lg lg:text-lgxl\">\n<h3>Neom, the Saudi crown prince\u2019s urban megaproject, is supposed to have a ski resort, swim lanes for commuters, and \u201csmart\u201d everything. It\u2019s going great\u2014for the consultants.<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css--lede-byline mt-8 text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base\">\n<p>By Vivian Nereim<\/p>\n<p>One day last September, a curious email arrived in Chris Hables Gray\u2019s inbox. An author and self-described anarchist, feminist, and revolutionary, Gray fits right into Santa Cruz, Calif., where he lives. He\u2019s written extensively about genetic engineering and the inevitable rise of cyborgs, attending protests in between for causes such as Black Lives Matter.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"with--index-2 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>While Gray had taken some consulting gigs over the years, he\u2019d never received an offer like this one. The first shock was the money: significantly more than he\u2019d earned from all but one of his books. The second was the task: researching the aesthetics of seminal works of science fiction such as\u00a0<em>Blade Runner<\/em>. The biggest surprise, however, was the ultimate client: Mohammed bin Salman, the 36-year-old crown prince of Saudi Arabia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css--column-width-wrapper max-w-screen-sm w-11\/12 lg:w-full relative my-4 mx-auto clear-both css--html-outer-wrapper \">\n<div id=\"Kjc8d9iDWm\" class=\"css--html-wrapper my-0 mx-auto\">\n<div class=\"css--html\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"MBS\u2019s $500 Billion Desert Dream Keeps Getting Weirder\" src=\"https:\/\/omny.fm\/shows\/the-big-take\/mbs-s-500-billion-desert-dream-keeps-getting-weird\/embed\" width=\"100%\" height=\"180\" frameborder=\"0\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-3 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p><a title=\"MBS\u2019s $500 Billion Desert Dream Keeps Getting Weirder (Podcast)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/audio\/2022-07-14\/mbs-s-500-billion-desert-dream-keeps-getting-weirder-podcast\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-terminal=\"NSN RF10VAT1UM0W\" data-terminal-type=\"STORY\" data-terminal-value=\"RF10VAT1UM0W\">Listen to the story<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-4 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>MBS, as he\u2019s known abroad, was in the early stages of one of the largest and most difficult construction projects in history, which involves turning an expanse of desert the size of Belgium into a high-tech city-region called Neom. Starting with a budget of $500 billion, MBS bills Neom as a showpiece that will transform Saudi Arabia\u2019s economy and serve as a testbed for technologies that could revolutionize daily life. And as Gray\u2019s proposed assignment suggested, the crown prince\u2019s vision bears little resemblance to the cities of today. Intrigued, Gray took the job. \u201cIf I can be honest with how I see the world, I\u2019ll pretty much put my work out to anyone,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bbg-photo-viewer css--photo-viewer-wrapper cursor-pointer relative m-0 p-0 md:w-derived with--index-0 w-derived self-auto justify-self-auto\">\n<div class=\"photo-viewer-source css--photo-viewer-source m-0 p-0 transition-opacity opacity-100 duration-100\">\n<div class=\"css--default-width-wrapper w-11\/12 max-w-11\/12 css--photo-viewer-wrapper-inner mx-auto my-4\">\n<figure class=\"css--image-figure mx-0 my-auto block relative w-full h-auto\" data-testid=\"_t_figure_\">\n<div class=\"css--image-wrapper w-full relative h-auto\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css--image p-0 h-auto object-center landscape:p-0 landscape:object-center lazyautosizes lazyloaded\" draggable=\"true\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/640x-1.jpg\" sizes=\"1175px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" alt=\"Mountains that Neom planners intend to turn into a ski area.\" data-testid=\"_t_image_\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iRmWWUMzZehM\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\">\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css--caption-wrapper max-w-screen-xl pr-2 font-sans mt-1\" data-testid=\"_caption_credit_\">\n<div class=\"css--caption leading-tight text-xms mt-1 mr-2\">Mountains that Neom planners intend to turn into a ski area.\u00a0<span class=\"css--credit text-xxs italic\">Photographer: Iman Al-Dabbagh<\/span><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-5 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Gray had signed on to a city-building exercise so ambitious that it verges on the fantastical. An internal Neom \u201cstyle catalog\u201d viewed by\u00a0<em>Bloomberg Businessweek<\/em>\u00a0includes elevators that somehow fly through the sky, an urban spaceport, and buildings shaped like a double helix, a falcon\u2019s outstretched wings, and a flower in bloom. The chosen site in Saudi Arabia\u2019s far northwest, stretching from the sun-scorched Red Sea coast into craggy mountain badlands, has summer temperatures over 100F and almost no fresh water. Yet, according to MBS and his advisers, it will soon be home to millions of people who\u2019ll live in harmony with the environment, relying on desalination plants and a fully renewable electric grid. They\u2019ll benefit from cutting-edge infrastructure and a regulatory system designed expressly to foster new ideas\u2014as long as those ideas don\u2019t include challenging the authority of MBS. There may even be booze. Neom appears to be one of the crown prince\u2019s highest priorities, and the Saudi state is devoting immense resources to making it a reality.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"relative my-6 mx-auto block lg:my-10 min-h-ad css--ad\">\n<aside class=\"dvz-v0-ad css--ad-unit\" data-position=\"immersive-23\" data-testid=\"_t_ad_\" data-ad-sizes-mobile=\"300x250\" data-ad-sizes-tablet=\"300x250\" data-ad-sizes-desktop=\"728x90\">\n<div id=\"dvz-v0-ad-1\" class=\"dvz-v0-ad-div\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-6 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Yet five years into its development, bringing Neom out of the realm of science fiction is proving a formidable challenge, even for a near-absolute ruler with access to a $620 billion sovereign wealth fund. According to more than 25 current and former employees interviewed for this story, as well as 2,700 pages of internal documents, the project has been plagued by setbacks, many stemming from the difficulty of implementing MBS\u2019s grandiose, ever-changing ideas\u2014and of telling a prince who\u2019s overseen the imprisonment of many of his own family members that his desires can\u2019t be met.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bbg-photo-viewer css--photo-viewer-wrapper cursor-pointer relative m-0 p-0 md:w-derived with--index-0 w-derived self-auto justify-self-auto\">\n<div class=\"photo-viewer-source css--photo-viewer-source m-0 p-0 transition-opacity opacity-100 duration-100\">\n<div class=\"css--rail-wrapper max-w-screen-sm w-11\/12 lg:w-full relative my-4 mx-auto clear-both lg:max-w-rail lg:w-full lg:z-3 lg:mt-0 overflow-hidden css--photo-viewer-wrapper-inner lg:float-right lg:mr-rail lg:ml-4 lg2:mr-rail-md\">\n<figure class=\"css--image-figure mx-0 my-auto block relative w-full h-auto\" data-testid=\"_t_figure_\">\n<div class=\"css--image-wrapper w-full relative h-auto\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css--image p-0 h-auto object-center landscape:p-0 landscape:object-center lazyautosizes ls-is-cached lazyloaded\" draggable=\"true\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/640x-1.jpg\" sizes=\"300px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" alt=\"Bloomberg Businessweek cover image for July 18, 2022.\" data-testid=\"_t_image_\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iSmt4bDVkCsk\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\">\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css--caption-wrapper max-w-screen-xl pr-2 font-sans mt-1\" data-testid=\"_caption_credit_\">\n<div class=\"css--caption leading-tight text-xms mt-1 mr-2\">Featured in\u00a0<em>Bloomberg Businessweek<\/em>, July 18, 2022.\u00a0<a title=\"Subscribe to Bloomberg Businessweek\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/subscriptions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Subscribe now<\/a>.\u00a0<span class=\"css--credit text-xxs italic\">Photographer: Iman Al-Dabbagh<\/span><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-7 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Efforts to relocate the indigenous residents of the Neom site, who\u2019ve lived there for generations, have been turbulent, devolving on one occasion into a gun battle. Dozens of key staff have quit, complaining of a toxic work environment and a culture of wild overspending with few results. And along the way, Neom has become something of a full-employment guarantee for international architects, futurists, and even Hollywood production designers, each taking a cut of Saudi Arabia\u2019s petroleum riches in exchange for work that some strongly suspect will never be used. Few are willing to speak on the record, citing nondisclosure agreements or fear of retribution; at least one former employee who criticized the project was jailed in Saudi Arabia. (He\u2019s since been released.)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-8 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>It would be unfair to entirely dismiss Neom as an autocrat\u2019s folly. Parts of the plan, such as a $5 billion facility to produce hydrogen for fuel-cell vehicles and other uses, are rooted in current economic realities, and building a global hub almost from scratch isn\u2019t without precedent in the region; even 30 years ago, most of Dubai was empty sand. Since he became Saudi Arabia\u2019s de facto ruler in 2017, MBS has demonstrated a talent for imposing dramatic change, doing away with large swaths of the religious restrictions that used to bind every aspect of daily life. Women are pouring into the workforce, and teenagers are able to dance at sold-out music festivals\u2014events that were previously unimaginable.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-9 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Nonetheless, the chaotic trajectory of Neom so far suggests that MBS\u2019s urban dream may never be delivered. The same is true of his broader plans for economic transformation. In the crown prince\u2019s telling, Saudi Arabia will soon be a center of innovation and entrepreneurship, free of the corruption and religious extremism that have long held it back. But to his critics, this promised future is a veneer, a layer of technological gloss over a core of repression, kleptocracy, and\u2014above all\u2014indefinite one-man rule.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-10 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>\u201cI was not alone in realizing that it was spurious at best,\u201d Andy Wirth, an American hospitality executive who worked on Neom in 2020, says of the project. \u201cThe complete absence of being tethered to reality, objectively, is what was demonstrated there.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-11 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base css--section-break mx-4\">\n<p>MBS introduced Neom at the inaugural Future Investment Initiative, a glitzy conference for international investors held in 2017 at Riyadh\u2019s Ritz-Carlton Hotel\u2014the same hostelry that days later would become a five-star prison for businessmen his government accused of corruption. Everything about Neom, which is a portmanteau combining the Greek word for \u201cnew\u201d with\u00a0<em>mustaqbal<\/em>, Arabic for \u201cfuture,\u201d would be cutting-edge. The difference between it and an ordinary city, MBS declared from the stage, would be as stark as the gap between an old Nokia and a sleek smartphone.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-12 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>In an interview the same day with Bloomberg News, MBS explained that Neom\u2019s most important innovation would be its legal framework. He said that in a place like New York, there\u2019s an inconvenient need for laws to serve citizens as well as the private sector. \u201cBut Neom, you have no one there,\u201d he said, omitting mention of the tens of thousands of Saudis then living in the area. As a result, regulations could be based on the desires of investors alone. \u201cImagine if you are the governor of New York without having any public demands,\u201d MBS said. \u201cHow much would you be able to create for the companies and the private sector?\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css--pullquote-parent\">\n<div class=\"css--column-width-wrapper max-w-screen-sm w-11\/12 lg:w-full relative my-4 mx-auto clear-both css--pullquote-outer\">\n<aside class=\"css--pullquote-inner block w-11\/12 text-xl md:text-2xl lg:text-3xl text-user text-center mx-auto my-12 transition duration-700 transitioned translate-y-0\">\u201cWe were hanging buildings on the side of cliffs, and we didn\u2019t even know the geology\u201d<\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-13 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>The idea of an authoritarian polity run for the benefit of international capital had a certain appeal to the Davos class. Steve Schwarzman and Masayoshi Son, the chief executives of Blackstone Inc. and SoftBank Group Corp., respectively, were among the international financiers who endorsed the project. Klaus Kleinfeld, the former CEO of Alcoa Inc., was appointed to lead it. Architects and planners were also interested, seeing a rare chance to shape a metropolis from the ground up\u2014even if some wondered whether the money might be better spent improving existing Saudi cities. Neom looked like a \u201cpace-setter in terms of new kinds of thinking around mobility and energy,\u201d says John Rossant, the chairman of NewCities, a nonprofit focused on urban issues, who joined its advisory board. Its model makes room for blue-sky ideas; some employees say they view the project as a sort of urban skunk works, providing a rare opportunity to test futuristic concepts even if they\u2019re likely to fail.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bbg-photo-viewer css--photo-viewer-wrapper cursor-pointer relative m-0 p-0 md:w-derived with--index-0 w-derived self-auto justify-self-auto\">\n<div class=\"photo-viewer-source css--photo-viewer-source m-0 p-0 transition-opacity opacity-100 duration-100\">\n<div class=\"css--column-width-wrapper max-w-screen-sm w-11\/12 lg:w-full relative my-4 mx-auto clear-both css--photo-viewer-wrapper-inner\">\n<figure class=\"css--image-figure mx-0 my-auto block relative w-full h-auto\" data-testid=\"_t_figure_\">\n<div class=\"css--image-wrapper w-full relative h-auto\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css--image p-0 h-auto object-center landscape:p-0 landscape:object-center lazyautosizes ls-is-cached lazyloaded\" draggable=\"true\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/640x-1.jpg\" sizes=\"620px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" alt=\"MBS unveiling Neom in 2017.\" data-testid=\"_t_image_\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iaL6yAm5a5k0\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\">\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css--caption-wrapper max-w-screen-xl pr-2 font-sans mt-1\" data-testid=\"_caption_credit_\">\n<div class=\"css--caption leading-tight text-xms mt-1 mr-2\">MBS unveiling Neom in 2017.\u00a0<span class=\"css--credit text-xxs italic\">Credit: YouTube<\/span><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-14 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Although the Neom site was in a region few Saudis have ever visited, MBS made clear that he expected it to become a hub for national life. Within a few months of the Ritz-Carlton announcement, satellite images showed that a series of large buildings was already under construction, surrounded by expanses of greenery that stuck out sharply from the desert. It was a new palace for the crown prince, where he\u2019d soon be spending much of his time.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-15 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Less than a year after MBS declared his intentions for Neom, the\u00a0<em>Washington Post<\/em> columnist Jamal Khashoggi walked into Saudi Arabia\u2019s consulate in Istanbul and never walked out. A US intelligence assessment found that MBS likely ordered the writer and government critic\u2019s murder; the crown prince denied any involvement. But the ensuing outrage cast a pall over foreign investment in Saudi Arabia, and many businesspeople cut ties with the kingdom\u2014and with Neom. Among others, the British architect Norman Foster, former Y Combinator President Sam Altman, and ex-US Secretary of Energy Ernest Moniz all left the Neom advisory board. MBS was undaunted. At the second gathering of the Future Investment Initiative, held three weeks after Khashoggi was killed, he hosted some of the remaining advisory board members for a late-night audience at his palace. According to Rossant, who was in attendance, MBS described Khashoggi\u2019s death as a \u201ctragedy\u201d that should never have occurred. He also delivered a clear message: Neom would go on no matter what.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-16 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>It would, however, be an increasingly Saudi-led project. Kleinfeld had lasted less than a year as CEO and was replaced a few months before the Khashoggi murder. His successor, Nadhmi Al-Nasr, came from Saudi Aramco, the state oil company. A chemical engineer by training, Al-Nasr had a reputation at Aramco for executing complicated plans. He\u2019d also learned to navigate the demands and sensitivities of Saudi Arabia\u2019s rulers. And at Neom, understanding the preferences of the man at the top is paramount. \u201cHis Royal Highness,\u201d Al-Nasr says, \u201chas been with us, and I am not exaggerating, almost daily.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-17 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base css--section-break mx-4\">\n<p>Neom\u2019s first major development was planned for Sharma, a modest town of car repair shops and concrete houses scattered around a placid bay. The goal was to create a community inspired by the C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur, with an initial population of almost 50,000. To plan it, Neom executives turned to an unusual source, according to internal documents and two former employees: Luca Dini Design &amp; Architecture, an Italian firm that specializes in superyachts. Luca Dini\u2019s designers tweaked and retweaked their proposals with feedback from a committee headed by MBS. The result was a concept called Silver Beach. Instead of mere sand, the seaside would be lined with crushed marble, planners noted, which would shimmer in the sun like silver. Bound by tight deadlines to begin construction, Neom staff and consultants worked overtime for weeks to refine the design, which also included a yacht club, an electric-car racing circuit, and more than 400 mansions, some as large as 100,000 square feet.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bbg-photo-viewer css--photo-viewer-wrapper cursor-pointer relative m-0 p-0 md:w-derived with--index-0 w-derived self-auto justify-self-auto\">\n<div class=\"photo-viewer-source css--photo-viewer-source m-0 p-0 transition-opacity opacity-100 duration-100\">\n<div class=\"css--default-width-wrapper w-11\/12 max-w-11\/12 css--photo-viewer-wrapper-inner mx-auto my-4\">\n<figure class=\"css--image-figure mx-0 my-auto block relative w-full h-auto\" data-testid=\"_t_figure_\">\n<div class=\"css--image-wrapper w-full relative h-auto\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css--image p-0 h-auto object-center landscape:p-0 landscape:object-center lazyautosizes lazyloaded\" draggable=\"true\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/640x-1.jpg\" sizes=\"1175px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" alt=\"A conceptual rendering of Silver Beach.\" data-testid=\"_t_image_\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iJHgfiOWvt.Y\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\">\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css--caption-wrapper max-w-screen-xl pr-2 font-sans mt-1\" data-testid=\"_caption_credit_\">\n<div class=\"css--caption leading-tight text-xms mt-1 mr-2\">A conceptual rendering of Silver Beach.\u00a0<span class=\"css--credit text-xxs italic\">Photographer: Iman Al-Dabbagh<\/span><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-18 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Then, in the first quarter of 2019, the project was abruptly shelved, several former employees say. Two of them recall being told that the concept, even with its lustrous seaside, wasn\u2019t imaginative enough for Neom\u2019s leadership. Real estate development can involve considerable trial and error, and many designs never see the light of day. But to the employees, scrapping Silver Beach was part of a pattern of working furiously on ambitious, expensive plans that were quickly abandoned\u2014such as one of Neom\u2019s early initiatives, a $200 billion solar field that was canceled soon after being announced. \u201cIf I had to put a bottom line for all the work that I did in this era, it was presentations and PowerPoints that went into the garbage the next week,\u201d says a former manager who worked on Silver Beach. \u201cIt was the least productive part of my whole life in terms of doing real things and the most productive in terms of the money I got.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-19 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>The work could indeed be phenomenally lucrative. Neom offered tax-free salaries of $700,000 to $900,000 for some senior expatriates\u2014more than 20 times the income of the average Saudi\u2014and a broad range of other perks. With pay packages like that, it had little trouble attracting foreign staff, especially once the initial furor over Khashoggi subsided. Most were required to live on the project site, where Neom had constructed temporary housing\u2014comfortable if basic apartments in the desert, with an army of migrant laborers taking care of food, cleaning, and laundry. Remote work was discouraged during the pandemic; in 2020 the government chartered flights from London to bring Neom staff to Saudi Arabia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-20 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>As more of them arrived, foreign employees began describing their experiences with a joke: When you start at Neom, you bring two buckets. The first is to hold all the gold you\u2019ll accumulate, and with so many living expenses taken care of, it will soon grow heavy. The second bucket is for all the shit you take. When that bucket is full, you pick up your bucket of gold and leave. It often doesn\u2019t take long; many people Neom hires last less than a year.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-21 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Former employees say one of the chief sources of aggravation is Al-Nasr, whom they describe as having a volcanic temper. Several recall him openly berating subordinates, sometimes issuing threats unlike anything they\u2019d experienced in their careers. In one particularly tense moment, after two e-sports companies canceled partnerships with Neom, citing human-rights concerns, Al-Nasr said he\u2019d pull out a gun and start shooting if he wasn\u2019t told who was to blame, according to two witnesses to the exchange. Al-Nasr disputes these accounts. \u201cNot anyone can stand the pressure of the demands of the day, and there are people who leave because it\u2019s more demanding than anything they have done before,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bbg-photo-viewer css--photo-viewer-wrapper cursor-pointer relative m-0 p-0 md:w-derived with--index-0 w-derived self-auto justify-self-auto\">\n<div class=\"photo-viewer-source css--photo-viewer-source m-0 p-0 transition-opacity opacity-100 duration-100\">\n<div class=\"css--column-width-wrapper max-w-screen-sm w-11\/12 lg:w-full relative my-4 mx-auto clear-both css--photo-viewer-wrapper-inner\">\n<figure class=\"css--image-figure mx-0 my-auto block relative w-full h-auto\" data-testid=\"_t_figure_\">\n<div class=\"css--image-wrapper w-full relative h-auto\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css--image p-0 h-auto object-center landscape:p-0 landscape:object-center lazyautosizes ls-is-cached lazyloaded\" draggable=\"true\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/640x-1.jpg\" sizes=\"620px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" alt=\"A planned seaside hotel.\" data-testid=\"_t_image_\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ijDWU0GfOPrE\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\">\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css--caption-wrapper max-w-screen-xl pr-2 font-sans mt-1\" data-testid=\"_caption_credit_\">\n<div class=\"css--caption leading-tight text-xms mt-1 mr-2\">A planned seaside hotel.\u00a0<span class=\"css--credit text-xxs italic\">Photographer: Iman Al-Dabbagh<\/span><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-22 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Among the misdeeds most likely to anger Al-Nasr, the former employees say, was failing to spend enough money. Three of them described Al-Nasr keeping a diagram showing which department heads were disbursing less than their budgets allowed, which the ex-staff half-seriously referred to as a \u201cwall of shame.\u201d There were few constraints on hiring outside consultants\u2014both McKinsey &amp; Co. and Boston Consulting Group Inc. have worked extensively on Neom\u2014and some plans were developed so fast that the firms hired to assess them would provide cost estimates with 40% buffers. One former senior manager says he was so disturbed by what he saw as financial waste that it kept him up at night. (In response, Al-Nasr says that \u201cwe don\u2019t do it this way\u201d and that Neom evaluates employees based on their progress implementing plans, not how much they spend.)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-23 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Wirth, the American hospitality executive, was hired to work on a particularly expensive project: a Neom ski resort. The idea is slightly less absurd than it sounds. Temperatures sometimes dip below freezing on the region\u2019s higher mountaintops; with enough snow-making equipment, it could be possible to facilitate a winter ski season. But Wirth soon grew alarmed by the environmental implications. The resort plans called for building an artificial lake, which would require blowing up large portions of the landscape. The Vault, an adjacent hotel and residential development, would occupy a man-made canyon, essentially \u201ca massive open-pit mine,\u201d Wirth says. It was a landscape that might have been lifted from\u00a0<em>Foundation<\/em>, an Apple TV+ series set thousands of years in the future that MBS has said he enjoys. (Loosely based on novels by Isaac Asimov, it tells the story of a mathematician\u2019s quest to protect human knowledge from the collapse of a dying galactic empire, whose three genetically identical monarchs live in a sprawling palace while their subjects toil below ground.) \u201cWe couldn\u2019t even estimate the build cost,\u201d Wirth says. \u201cWe were hanging buildings on the side of cliffs, and we didn\u2019t even know the geology.\u201d He decided faster than most that his No.\u20092 bucket was overflowing. Wirth resigned in August 2020, five months into the job.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bbg-photo-viewer css--photo-viewer-wrapper cursor-pointer relative m-0 p-0 md:w-derived with--index-0 w-derived self-auto justify-self-auto\">\n<div class=\"photo-viewer-source css--photo-viewer-source m-0 p-0 transition-opacity opacity-100 duration-100\">\n<div class=\"css--default-width-wrapper w-11\/12 max-w-11\/12 css--photo-viewer-wrapper-inner mx-auto my-4\">\n<figure class=\"css--image-figure mx-0 my-auto block relative w-full h-auto\" data-testid=\"_t_figure_\">\n<div class=\"css--image-wrapper w-full relative h-auto\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css--image p-0 h-auto object-center landscape:p-0 landscape:object-center lazyautosizes lazyloaded\" draggable=\"true\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/640x-1.jpg\" sizes=\"1175px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" alt=\"One of Neom's housing complexes for employees.\" data-testid=\"_t_image_\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ibkxtxWyMJTo\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\">\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css--caption-wrapper max-w-screen-xl pr-2 font-sans mt-1\" data-testid=\"_caption_credit_\">\n<div class=\"css--caption leading-tight text-xms mt-1 mr-2\">One of Neom&#8217;s housing complexes for employees.\u00a0<span class=\"css--credit text-xxs italic\">Photographer: Iman Al-Dabbagh<\/span><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-24 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base css--section-break mx-4\">\n<p>The main residential camp for Neom\u2019s 2,000 employees is tucked among rocky hills 2 miles from the coast. To enter, I had to pass two checkpoints manned by private security guards. My face was also scanned by machinery bearing the logo of Zhejiang Dahua Technology Co., a company accused by activists of helping the Chinese government surveil Uyghurs in Xinjiang.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-25 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Past the barbed-wire fence, Neom Community 1 unfolds in a series of neat lawns and identical white homes. Each is about the size of a shipping container, identified by a series of letters and numbers\u2014Block 15, C-83, for example. Meals are served in a central dining hall, and employees zip between buildings on electric scooters. The overall aesthetic might be described as a cross between a Google campus and a minimum-security prison, albeit one with a small population of children: Community 1 has a school, and some employees have moved their families in.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css--pullquote-parent\">\n<div class=\"css--column-width-wrapper max-w-screen-sm w-11\/12 lg:w-full relative my-4 mx-auto clear-both css--pullquote-outer\">\n<aside class=\"css--pullquote-inner block w-11\/12 text-xl md:text-2xl lg:text-3xl text-user text-center mx-auto my-12 transition duration-700 transitioned translate-y-0\">\u201cSeeing the dystopias of your own imagination being created is not the best thing you could wish for\u201d<\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-26 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Neom\u2019s marketing is everywhere. One poster in an office building instructs employees to embody a \u201cchampion mindset,\u201d emphasized with inspirational quotations from MBS and Nelson Mandela. (The poster gives them equal billing.) That means maintaining \u201can unshakable belief in yourself and Neom, challenging the status quo, demonstrating an innovative ethos that enables everyone to seek and become a CATALYST FOR CHANGE.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-27 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Many staffers seem to have genuinely bought into that message. Jan Paterson, a British-Canadian who heads planning for Neom\u2019s \u201csports sector,\u201d says she wants her grandchildren to grow up in the city, which she hopes will be the most physically active urban center in the world. Three years in, she\u2019s one of the longest-serving employees. \u201cI joined because, in my working career, no one has ever said, \u2018Do you fancy setting up a semi-autonomous state using your passion as a tool for positive social change?\u2019\u200a\u201d Paterson explains. \u201cIt\u2019s as simple as that.\u201d Her eyes light up as she describes an ideal day in the Neom of the future. Imagine a sixth grader, she says. When he wakes up, his home will scan his metabolism. Because he had too much sugar the night before, the refrigerator will suggest porridge instead of the granola bar he wanted. Outside he\u2019ll find a swim lane instead of a bus stop. Carrying a waterproof backpack, he\u2019ll breaststroke the whole way to school. Paterson actually means this; Neom says it\u2019s considering an idea for canals filled with swimmable water, creating a novel aquatic commuting option. If all goes well, she says, residents can expect an extra 10 years of \u201chealthy life expectancy.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css--default-width-wrapper w-11\/12 max-w-11\/12 css--multi-image-outer-wrapper mx-auto my-4\">\n<div class=\"css--multi-image-inner-wrapper multi_image_layout_format_2 relative flex w-full items-start flex-wrap items-start justify-center\">\n<div class=\"bbg-photo-viewer css--photo-viewer-wrapper cursor-pointer relative m-0 p-0 md:w-derived with--index-0 w-full self-auto justify-self-auto\">\n<div class=\"photo-viewer-source css--photo-viewer-source m-0 p-0 transition-opacity opacity-100 duration-100\">\n<figure class=\"css--multi-image-figure block h-auto m-2 with--index-0 m-2 md:m-2\">\n<div class=\"css--multi-image-wrapper transition-all\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css--multi-image w-full h-auto block filter-blur lazyloaded\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/640x-1.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" alt=\"Temporary office buildings.\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/iDkCSyRf2q3s\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"css--multi-caption-outer-wrapper mx-auto\">\n<div class=\"css--multi-caption-outer-wrapper mx-auto\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css--caption-wrapper max-w-screen-xl pr-2 font-sans mt-1\" data-testid=\"_caption_credit_\">\n<div class=\"css--caption leading-tight text-xms mt-1 mr-2\">Temporary office buildings.\u00a0<span class=\"css--credit text-xxs italic\">Photographer: Iman Al-Dabbagh<\/span><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bbg-photo-viewer css--photo-viewer-wrapper cursor-pointer relative m-0 p-0 md:w-derived with--index-1 w-full self-auto justify-self-auto\">\n<div class=\"photo-viewer-source css--photo-viewer-source m-0 p-0 transition-opacity opacity-100 duration-100\">\n<figure class=\"css--multi-image-figure block h-auto m-2 with--index-1 m-2 md:m-2\">\n<div class=\"css--multi-image-wrapper transition-all\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css--multi-image w-full h-auto block filter-blur lazyloaded\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/640x-1.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" alt=\"Employees heading for a meal.\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i2w086CLNNMU\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"css--multi-caption-outer-wrapper mx-auto\">\n<div class=\"css--multi-caption-outer-wrapper mx-auto\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css--caption-wrapper max-w-screen-xl pr-2 font-sans mt-1\" data-testid=\"_caption_credit_\">\n<div class=\"css--caption leading-tight text-xms mt-1 mr-2\">Employees heading for a meal.\u00a0<span class=\"css--credit text-xxs italic\">Photographer: Iman Al-Dabbagh<\/span><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css--column-width-wrapper max-w-screen-sm w-11\/12 lg:w-full relative my-4 mx-auto clear-both\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-28 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Living and working in their camp, Neom executives have little contact with the indigenous inhabitants of Tabuk, as the broader area is called. Its coastline has long been one of Saudi Arabia\u2019s more neglected territories; some towns weren\u2019t hooked up to the electric grid until the 1980s. Many of its people are members of the Huwaitat, an historically nomadic tribe, now settled in the region where Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Egypt meet. From the start, there was no place for them in Neom\u2019s plans, and thousands were told in early 2020 that the state would require their land.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-29 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>As officials went house to house months later, surveying the properties to be cleared out, a man named Abdulraheem Al Huwaity greeted them angrily. He began recording a series of videos with his phone, which soon went viral. His wiry beard streaked with gray, Al Huwaity faced the camera head on, speaking in a steady voice as he accused the government of intimidating residents into signing over their homes. He also broke almost every taboo of Saudi political speech. MBS\u2019s reign amounted to \u201crule by children,\u201d he said, and the government\u2019s clerics were \u201csilent cowards.\u201d Al Huwaity declared he was waiting for the authorities to arrest or kill him. The measure of a life, he said, isn\u2019t time spent on Earth; rather, \u201ca stand of one day can equal 90 years.\u201d In mid-April 2020 heavily armed police arrived at his house and a gunfight ensued. When it ended, Al Huwaity was dead and two officers injured. The government said he had weapons in his home and had opened fire, ignoring demands that he surrender.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-30 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>After Al Huwaity\u2019s death, officials expanded the compensation packages provided to removed residents, promising to grant them land elsewhere in the region. For larger properties, residents say, the payments can reach 1 million riyals ($266,000), though the owner of a simple home might receive just 100,000 riyals\u2014less than the monthly salary of some Neom employees. Neom is also offering training programs for local youth and funding a scholarship program that sends students from Tabuk to the US, after which they receive jobs at the project. \u201cWe want to make sure the locals here feel the value of Neom,\u201d Al-Nasr says.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bbg-photo-viewer css--photo-viewer-wrapper cursor-pointer relative m-0 p-0 md:w-derived with--index-0 w-derived self-auto justify-self-auto\">\n<div class=\"photo-viewer-source css--photo-viewer-source m-0 p-0 transition-opacity opacity-100 duration-100\">\n<div class=\"css--rail-wrapper max-w-screen-sm w-11\/12 lg:w-full relative my-4 mx-auto clear-both lg:max-w-rail lg:w-full lg:z-3 lg:mt-0 overflow-hidden css--photo-viewer-wrapper-inner lg:float-right lg:mr-rail lg:ml-4 lg2:mr-rail-md\">\n<figure class=\"css--image-figure mx-0 my-auto block relative w-full h-auto\" data-testid=\"_t_figure_\">\n<div class=\"css--image-wrapper w-full relative h-auto\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css--image p-0 h-auto object-center landscape:p-0 landscape:object-center lazyautosizes ls-is-cached lazyloaded\" draggable=\"true\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/640x-1.jpg\" sizes=\"300px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" alt=\"Debris from demolished buildings in Sharma.\" data-testid=\"_t_image_\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ib2CjEcGtYUo\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\">\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css--caption-wrapper max-w-screen-xl pr-2 font-sans mt-1\" data-testid=\"_caption_credit_\">\n<div class=\"css--caption leading-tight text-xms mt-1 mr-2\">Debris from demolished buildings in Sharma.\u00a0<span class=\"css--credit text-xxs italic\">Photographer: Iman Al-Dabbagh<\/span><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-31 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>The town of Sharma, where Silver Beach was supposed to be, has been flattened, along with Alkhurayba, where Al Huwaity lived. On a recent visit, a lyric from an Arabic love song had been spray-painted on one of the few walls still standing: \u201cHe\u2019s unjust, but?\u201d The word for \u201cunjust,\u201d\u00a0<em>dhalim<\/em>, can also mean \u201ctyrant.\u201d One Huwaitat man, who asked not to be identified because he fears retaliation, says he resisted relocation at first. But after Al Huwaity was killed and the authorities cut off the electricity and closed the schools, he realized he had no choice. He\u2019s waiting for his compensation payment. \u201cWhat can we do?\u201d he asks. \u201cWe want to live.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-32 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base css--section-break mx-4\">\n<p>In January 2021, MBS appeared on Saudi television to introduce Neom\u2019s most far-fetched element yet, a \u201ccivilizational revolution\u201d called the Line. A \u201clinear city\u201d 100 miles long, it would generate zero carbon emissions. Its 1 million residents would occupy a car-free surface layer, with no one more than five minutes\u2019 walk from essential amenities; utility corridors and high-speed trains would be hidden underground, along with infrastructure for moving freight.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bbg-photo-viewer css--photo-viewer-wrapper cursor-pointer relative m-0 p-0 md:w-derived with--index-0 w-derived self-auto justify-self-auto\">\n<div class=\"photo-viewer-source css--photo-viewer-source m-0 p-0 transition-opacity opacity-100 duration-100\">\n<div class=\"css--default-width-wrapper w-11\/12 max-w-11\/12 css--photo-viewer-wrapper-inner mx-auto my-4\">\n<figure class=\"css--image-figure mx-0 my-auto block relative w-full h-auto\" data-testid=\"_t_figure_\">\n<div class=\"css--image-wrapper w-full relative h-auto\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css--image p-0 h-auto object-center landscape:p-0 landscape:object-center lazyautosizes lazyloaded\" draggable=\"true\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/640x-1.jpg\" sizes=\"1175px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" alt=\"Early construction for a Neom industrial zone.\" data-testid=\"_t_image_\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/i3iqxjGaOT6E\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\">\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css--caption-wrapper max-w-screen-xl pr-2 font-sans mt-1\" data-testid=\"_caption_credit_\">\n<div class=\"css--caption leading-tight text-xms mt-1 mr-2\">Early construction for a Neom industrial zone.\u00a0<span class=\"css--credit text-xxs italic\">Photographer: Iman Al-Dabbagh<\/span><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-33 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>The concept carried echoes of an idea originated in the 1960s by Superstudio, an Italian architectural collective, for a structure so enormous it would wrap around the entire planet. This \u201cContinuous Monument\u201d was never a real building proposal; it was intended as a critique of excessive urbanization and of the modernist megaprojects then in vogue. One of Superstudio\u2019s last surviving members, when asked about the Line by the\u00a0<em>New York Times<\/em>, dryly noted that \u201cseeing the dystopias of your own imagination being created is not the best thing you could wish for.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-34 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Within Neom, the Line was being overseen by Antoni Vives, the head of urban development. A former deputy mayor of Barcelona, Vives had been hired in 2018 and quickly became one of Al-Nasr\u2019s closest allies. But two weeks after the plan was announced, a judge in Vives\u2019s home country found him guilty of charges of malfeasance relating to his time as an official, according to\u00a0<em>El Pais<\/em>\u00a0newspaper. Vives was sentenced to two years in prison, which was reduced to community service. He returned to Neom soon after. (Vives didn\u2019t respond to requests for comment; Al-Nasr says that Neom doesn\u2019t penalize employees for \u201ctheir own country\u2019s business or politics\u201d and that Vives is \u201can honest person, putting his time and his life to this job.\u201d)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-35 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Neom staff are still working nonstop to deliver the Line and to move forward with other projects. Early construction has started on the mountain resort that so alarmed Wirth, which will require the removal of more than 20 million tons of rock\u2014three times the weight of Hoover Dam. At Oxagon, a vast industrial zone to be built partly on pontoonlike structures floating in the Red Sea, workers are digging the foundations of a hydrogen plant, while cranes swing back and forth over an almost finished data center. And according to Al-Nasr, Neom\u2019s legal and political framework is nearly complete. An entity called the Neom Authority will govern the region, its head appointed by the Saudi king\u2014almost certainly MBS, once he succeeds his 86-year-old father, King Salman. It may be demarcated from the rest of the country by a \u201cdigital border,\u201d allowing entry only to those with authorization. Residents will be represented by an advisory body, though it\u2019s not yet clear whether its members will be elected.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-36 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>To Neom\u2019s backers, such detailed planning is all part of a serious effort to create a hypermodern city\u2014a bold initiative but not a ridiculous one. Ali Shihabi, a commentator close to the government who sits on the Neom advisory board, says he divides its components into two categories: those that could make a realistic near-term difference to Saudi Arabia, such as improved desalination technology, and those that he concedes are more \u201caspirational.\u201d Neom \u201chas a huge amount of research and thought and strategy and substance behind it,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-37 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>At the same time, Neom executives and their array of consultants continue to generate yet more ideas, some of them informed directly by Hollywood. Over the past several years, Neom has commissioned work from Olivier Pron, a designer who helped create the look of the\u00a0<em>Guardians of the Galaxy<\/em>\u00a0films, and Nathan Crowley, who\u2019s known for his work on the Dark Knight trilogy. It\u2019s also hired Jeff Julian, a futurist with credits on\u00a0<em>World War Z<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>I Am Legend<\/em>, movies that depict a zombie apocalypse and the aftermath of a pandemic that\u2019s wiped out most of humanity, respectively.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-38 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>Gray, the Santa Cruz author, was hired to help conceive a high-end tourism zone called the Gulf of Aqaba, which internal documents say will feature luxurious homes, marinas, nightclubs, and a \u201cdestination boarding school.\u201d MBS told its designers that he liked the aesthetic of \u201ccyberpunk,\u201d a sci-fi subgenre that typically depicts a dark, tech-infused future with a seedy underworld\u2014think William Gibson\u2019s novel\u00a0<em>Neuromancer<\/em>\u00a0or the Keanu Reeves vehicle\u00a0<em>Johnny Mnemonic<\/em>\u00a0(also based on a book by Gibson). \u201cI was a little surprised to hear that the prince was very interested in science fiction, but many people are, of all sorts of political persuasions,\u201d Gray says. He and a team of other consultants were soon working long hours to research the aesthetics and implied culture of cyberpunk\u2019s many iterations, which fed into a taxonomy of science fiction atmospheres that Neom employees were developing.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bbg-photo-viewer css--photo-viewer-wrapper cursor-pointer relative m-0 p-0 md:w-derived with--index-0 w-derived self-auto justify-self-auto\">\n<div class=\"photo-viewer-source css--photo-viewer-source m-0 p-0 transition-opacity opacity-100 duration-100\">\n<div class=\"css--column-width-wrapper max-w-screen-sm w-11\/12 lg:w-full relative my-4 mx-auto clear-both css--photo-viewer-wrapper-inner\">\n<figure class=\"css--image-figure mx-0 my-auto block relative w-full h-auto\" data-testid=\"_t_figure_\">\n<div class=\"css--image-wrapper w-full relative h-auto\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css--image p-0 h-auto object-center landscape:p-0 landscape:object-center lazyautosizes ls-is-cached lazyloaded\" draggable=\"true\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/640x-1.jpg\" sizes=\"620px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" alt=\"On the road to Neom.\" data-testid=\"_t_image_\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/220x-1.jpg 220w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/480x-1.jpg 480w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/640x-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/720x-1.jpg 720w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/960x-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/1020x-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/1200x-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/1280x-1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/1400x-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/1800x-1.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/assets.bwbx.io\/images\/users\/iqjWHBFdfxIU\/ix3FB0A.1Kfo\/v0\/2000x-1.jpg 2000w, \" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\">\n<div class=\"css--caption-outer-wrapper max-w-screen-sm ml-0 sm:mx-auto\"><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css--caption-wrapper max-w-screen-xl pr-2 font-sans mt-1\" data-testid=\"_caption_credit_\">\n<div class=\"css--caption leading-tight text-xms mt-1 mr-2\">On the road to Neom.\u00a0<span class=\"css--credit text-xxs italic\">Photographer: Iman Al-Dabbagh<\/span><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-39 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>An internal document from this exercise listed 37 options, arranged alphabetically from \u201cAlien Invasion\u201d to \u201cUtopia.\u201d After input from a panel of experts, 13 advanced to the next phase of consideration\u2014almost all of them cyberpunk-related in some way. These were divided further into \u201cbackward-looking\u201d and \u201cforward-looking\u201d categories and laid out on a spectrum from dystopian to utopian. Each was analyzed in depth, with Neom staff interrogating their values. (\u201cThe big question biopunk asks is, Where does one stop being human?\u201d) Next they ranked the concepts on a matrix of factors, including whether they had a \u201cstrong architectural component\u201d and their alignment with Neom\u2019s goals. Two guiding philosophies for the Gulf of Aqaba came out on top: \u201csolarpunk,\u201d depicting a future where environmental challenges have largely been solved, and \u201cpost-cyberpunk.\u201d The latter, the document said, takes a relatively optimistic view of the world to come, with clean edges, slim skyscrapers, and sleek flying cars. It identified the best example of the style as Ryan Coogler\u2019s\u00a0<em>Black Panther<\/em>\u2014coincidentally, the first movie shown when MBS allowed Saudi cinemas to reopen after a decades-long ban.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-40 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>It remains to be seen, of course, whether ideas like the Gulf of Aqaba will survive contact with financial and physical reality. Almost immediately after the Line was unveiled, Neom executives discovered just how challenging the project would be. One major problem, an internal progress report explained, was building the underground layer that\u2019s supposed to contain transportation and logistics facilities. There would be \u201cabnormal upfront infrastructure\/utilities costs resulting from linear design,\u201d it said. According to several ex-employees, the original concept for a series of interconnected low-rise communities gradually evolved into an idea for two parallel mega-structures, as tall as the Empire State Building, that would extend horizontally for dozens of miles. Using back-of-the-envelope calculations, a former Neom planner estimated they could cost $1 trillion to build. Neom isn\u2019t discussing any of this publicly, even as crews start early work on the site and designers refine plans for a half-mile-long prototype. \u201cWhat we will present when we are ready will be revolutionary,\u201d Al-Nasr says.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"with--index-41 theme--businessweek css--paragraph-wrapper children:max-w-screen-sm children:mx-auto children:leading-normal font-serif text-xs md:text-sm lg:text-base mx-4\">\n<p>At a recent art biennale in Riyadh, renderings of Superstudio\u2019s Continuous Monument hung on the wall, showing a linear structure swallowing the whole world. The caption invited viewers to \u201cimagine a near future in which all architecture will be created with a single act.\u201d The idea stayed in my mind long after leaving Neom, where I flew in a helicopter over the spot where the Line is supposed to begin. From far above, the construction vehicles churning the ground looked like toys. There was already a faint but unmistakable slash\u2014one man\u2019s will carved into the desert. It traced inland from the sea toward the mountains, then disappeared in the haze.\u00a0<em>\u2014With Matthew Martin, Ben Bartenstein, and Rodrigo Orihuela<\/em><\/p>\n<p>___<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/features\/2022-mbs-neom-saudi-arabia\/\">https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/features\/2022-mbs-neom-saudi-arabia\/<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"relative my-6 mx-auto block lg:my-10 min-h-ad css--ad\">\n<aside class=\"dvz-v0-ad css--ad-unit\" data-position=\"immersive-30\" data-testid=\"_t_ad_\" data-ad-sizes-mobile=\"300x250\" data-ad-sizes-tablet=\"300x250\" data-ad-sizes-desktop=\"728x90\">\n<div id=\"dvz-v0-ad-8\" class=\"dvz-v0-ad-div\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-124737","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124737","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=124737"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124737\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=124737"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=124737"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=124737"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}