{"id":74324,"date":"2021-07-17T17:43:39","date_gmt":"2021-07-17T21:43:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/?p=74324"},"modified":"2021-07-17T17:43:39","modified_gmt":"2021-07-17T21:43:39","slug":"check-out-this-postmortem-conducted-on-a-covid-vaccinated-patient","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/?p=74324","title":{"rendered":"Check out this postmortem conducted on a Covid-vaccinated patient."},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>First case of postmortem study in a patient vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2<\/h1>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"author size-m workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#!\" name=\"baut0005\"><span class=\"content\"><span class=\"text given-name\">Torsten<\/span><span class=\"text surname\">Hansen<\/span><span id=\"baff0005\" class=\"author-ref\"><sup>a<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"author size-m workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#!\" name=\"baut0005\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"AuthorGroups text-xs\">\n<div id=\"author-group\" class=\"author-group\">\n<p><a class=\"author size-m workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#!\" name=\"baut0010\"><span class=\"content\"><span class=\"text given-name\">Ulf<\/span><span class=\"text surname\">Titze<\/span><span id=\"baff0005\" class=\"author-ref\"><sup>a<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"author size-m workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#!\" name=\"baut0015\"><span class=\"content\"><span class=\"text given-name\">Nidhi Su Ann<\/span><span class=\"text surname\">Kulamadayil-Heidenreich<\/span><span id=\"baff0010\" class=\"author-ref\"><sup>b<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"author size-m workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#!\" name=\"baut0020\"><span class=\"content\"><span class=\"text given-name\">Sabine<\/span><span class=\"text surname\">Glombitza<\/span><span id=\"baff0015\" class=\"author-ref\"><sup>c<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"author size-m workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#!\" name=\"baut0025\"><span class=\"content\"><span class=\"text given-name\">Johannes Josef<\/span><span class=\"text surname\">Tebbe<\/span><span id=\"baff0010\" class=\"author-ref\"><sup>b<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"author size-m workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#!\" name=\"baut0030\"><span class=\"content\"><span class=\"text given-name\">Christoph<\/span><span class=\"text surname\">R\u00f6cken<\/span><span id=\"baff0020\" class=\"author-ref\"><sup>d<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"author size-m workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#!\" name=\"baut0035\"><span class=\"content\"><span class=\"text given-name\">Birte<\/span><span class=\"text surname\">Schulz<\/span><span id=\"baff0005\" class=\"author-ref\"><sup>a<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"author size-m workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#!\" name=\"baut0040\"><span class=\"content\"><span class=\"text given-name\">Michael<\/span><span class=\"text surname\">Weise<\/span><span id=\"baff0010\" class=\"author-ref\"><sup>b<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"author size-m workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#!\" name=\"baut0045\"><span class=\"content\"><span class=\"text given-name\">Ludwig<\/span><span class=\"text surname\">Wilkens<\/span><span id=\"baff0015\" class=\"author-ref\"><sup>c<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<dl class=\"affiliation\">\n<dt><sup>a<\/sup><\/dt>\n<dd>Institute of Pathology, University Hospital OWL of the University of Bielefeld, Campus Lippe, Detmold, Germany<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl class=\"affiliation\">\n<dt><sup>b<\/sup><\/dt>\n<dd>Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Infectious Medicine, University Hospital OWL of the University of Bielefeld, Campus Lippe, Detmold, Germany<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl class=\"affiliation\">\n<dt><sup>c<\/sup><\/dt>\n<dd>Institute of Pathology, KRH Hospital Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl class=\"affiliation\">\n<dt><sup>d<\/sup><\/dt>\n<dd>Institute of Pathology of the University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Received 25 February 2021, Revised 13 April 2021, Accepted 14 April 2021, Available online 16 April 2021.<\/p>\n<div id=\"doi-link\" class=\"DoiLink\"><a class=\"doi\" title=\"Persistent link using digital object identifier\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.04.053\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Persistent link using digital object identifier\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.04.053<\/a><a class=\"rights-and-content\" href=\"https:\/\/s100.copyright.com\/AppDispatchServlet?publisherName=ELS&amp;contentID=S1201971221003647&amp;orderBeanReset=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Get rights and content<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"LicenseInfo\">\n<div class=\"License\">Under a Creative Commons <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">license<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"OpenAccessLabel\">open access<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section class=\"ReferencedArticles\"><\/section>\n<section class=\"ReferencedArticles\"><\/section>\n<div class=\"PageDivider\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\">\n<div id=\"abs0005\" class=\"abstract author-highlights\">\n<h2 class=\"section-title u-h3 u-margin-l-top u-margin-xs-bottom\">Highlights<\/h2>\n<div id=\"abst0005\">\n<dl class=\"list\">\n<dt class=\"list-label\">\u2022<\/dt>\n<dd class=\"list-description\">\n<p id=\"par0005\">We report on a patient with a <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about single dose from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/immunology-and-microbiology\/single-drug-dose\">single dose<\/a> of vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"list-label\">\u2022<\/dt>\n<dd class=\"list-description\">\n<p id=\"par0010\">He developed relevant serum titer levels but died 4 weeks later.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"list-label\">\u2022<\/dt>\n<dd class=\"list-description\">\n<p id=\"par0015\">By postmortem molecular mapping, we found <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about viral RNA from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/virus-rna\">viral RNA<\/a> in nearly all organs examined.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"list-label\">\u2022<\/dt>\n<dd class=\"list-description\">\n<p id=\"par0020\">However, we did not observe any <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about characteristic morphological from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/morphological-trait\">characteristic morphological<\/a> features of COVID-19.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"list-label\">\u2022<\/dt>\n<dd class=\"list-description\">\n<p id=\"par0025\"><a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about Immunogenicity from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/immunogenicity\">Immunogenicity<\/a> might be elicited, while sterile immunity was not established.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"abs0010\" class=\"abstract author\">\n<h2 class=\"section-title u-h3 u-margin-l-top u-margin-xs-bottom\">Abstract<\/h2>\n<div id=\"abst0010\">\n<p id=\"spar0025\">A previously symptomless 86-year-old man received the first dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. He died 4 weeks later from acute renal and respiratory failure. Although he did not present with any COVID-19-specific symptoms, he tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 before he died. Spike protein (S1) antigen-binding showed significant levels for immunoglobulin (Ig) G, while nucleocapsid IgG\/IgM was not elicited. Acute bronchopneumonia and tubular failure were assigned as the cause of death at autopsy; however, we did not observe any characteristic morphological features of COVID-19. Postmortem molecular mapping by real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed relevant SARS-CoV-2 cycle threshold values in all organs examined (oropharynx, olfactory mucosa, trachea, lungs, heart, kidney and cerebrum) except for the liver and olfactory bulb. These results might suggest that the first vaccination induces immunogenicity but not sterile immunity.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul id=\"issue-navigation\" class=\"issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1\">\n<li class=\"previous move-left u-padding-s-ver u-padding-s-left\"><\/li>\n<li class=\"previous move-left u-padding-s-ver u-padding-s-left\"><a class=\"button-alternative button-alternative-tertiary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003271\"><span class=\"button-alternative-text\"><strong>Previous <\/strong><span class=\"extra-detail-1\">article<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"next move-right u-padding-s-ver u-padding-s-right\"><a class=\"button-alternative button-alternative-tertiary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003787\"><span class=\"button-alternative-text\"><strong>Next <\/strong><span class=\"extra-detail-1\">article<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"Keywords u-font-serif\">\n<div id=\"kwd0005\" class=\"keywords-section\">\n<h2 class=\"section-title u-h3 u-margin-l-top u-margin-xs-bottom\">Keywords<\/h2>\n<div id=\"kw0005\" class=\"keyword\">SARS-CoV-2<\/div>\n<div id=\"kw0010\" class=\"keyword\">Vaccine<\/div>\n<div id=\"kw0015\" class=\"keyword\">Autopsy<\/div>\n<div id=\"kw0020\" class=\"keyword\">Histology<\/div>\n<div id=\"kw0025\" class=\"keyword\">RT-PCR<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"body\" class=\"Body u-font-serif\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<p id=\"par0030\">We report on an 86-year-old male resident of a retirement home who received vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. Past medical history included <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about systemic arterial hypertension from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/systemic-hypertension\">systemic arterial hypertension<\/a>, <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about chronic venous insufficiency from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/chronic-venous-insufficiency\">chronic venous insufficiency<\/a>, <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about dementia from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/dementia\">dementia<\/a> and <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about prostate carcinoma from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/prostate-carcinoma\">prostate carcinoma<\/a>. On January 9, 2021, the man received lipid nanoparticle-formulated, nucleoside-modified <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about RNA vaccine from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/rna-vaccine\">RNA vaccine<\/a> BNT162b2 in a 30 \u03bcg dose. On that day and in the following 2 weeks, he presented with no clinical symptoms (<a class=\"workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#tbl0005\" name=\"btbl0005\">Table 1<\/a>). On day 18, he was admitted to hospital for worsening diarrhea. Since he did not present with any clinical signs of COVID-19, isolation in a specific setting did not occur. Laboratory testing revealed <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about hypochromic anemia from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/hypochromic-anemia\">hypochromic anemia<\/a> and increased <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about creatinine serum from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/immunology-and-microbiology\/creatinine-blood-level\">creatinine serum<\/a> levels. Antigen test and <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about polymerase chain reaction from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/polymerase-chain-reaction\">polymerase chain reaction<\/a> (PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 were negative.<\/p>\n<div id=\"tbl0005\" class=\"tables frame-topbot rowsep-0 colsep-0\">\n<p id=\"spar0010\"><span class=\"label\">Table 1<\/span>. Summary of major features of the patient\u2019s history, clinical symptoms and laboratory findings, including SARS-CoV-2 testing (reference values given in brackets).<\/p>\n<div class=\"groups\">\n<table>\n<thead class=\"valign-top\">\n<tr class=\"rowsep-1\">\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"col\"><\/th>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"col\">Day 1<\/th>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"col\">Day 15<\/th>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"col\">Day 18<\/th>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"col\">Day 19<\/th>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"col\">Day 20<\/th>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"col\">Day 23<\/th>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"col\">Day 24<\/th>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"col\">Day 25<\/th>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"col\">Day 26<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"row\">Major event<\/th>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Vaccination<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Collapse during breakfast<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Admission to hospital; gastroscopy (mild gastritis)<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Abdominal ultrasound, initiating intravenous iron application<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Colonoscopy (ischemic colitis), initiating mesalazine<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Acute renal insufficiency, initiating intravenous glucose application<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Patient in same hospital room has positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test (Ct, 15)<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Patient somnolent, initiating antibiotic therapy, chest radiograph with minimal infiltrates<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Death at 14:30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"row\">Leading clinical symptoms<\/th>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No relevant symptoms recorded<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No further relevant symptoms recorded<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Diarrhea<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Anemia<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Anemia<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Lung auscultation with any pathological signs, hypernatremia<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Hypernatremia<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Dehydration, lung auscultation with crackles<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Acute renal and respiratory failure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"row\">Temperature (\u00b0C)<\/th>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">36.4<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">36.8<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">36.2<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">38.8<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"row\">Blood pressure (mmHg)<\/th>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">130\/70<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">187\/83<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">180\/80<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">166\/73<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">160\/80<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"row\">Oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2<\/sub>)<\/th>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">97%<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">97% + 2l O<sub>2<\/sub><\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Not recorded<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"row\">SARS-CoV-2 test<\/th>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">Antigen-test: negative<br \/>\nPCR-test: negative<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">PCR-test: negative<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">RT-PCR-test: positive (Ct, 20)<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"row\">White-cell count (4\u20139\/nl)<\/th>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">6.6<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">7.1<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">12.1<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">13.5<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">9.2<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">15.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"row\">Platelet count (140\u2013400\/nl)<\/th>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">267<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">263<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">262<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">254<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">204<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">196<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"row\">Hemoglobin (14.0\u201318.0 g\/dl)<\/th>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">7.4<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">7.1<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">7.2<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">8.0<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">8.6<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">9.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"row\">Lactate dehydrogenase (135\u2013250 U\/L)<\/th>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">179<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">165<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">439<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"row\">Creatinine (0.7\u20131.2 mg\/dl)<\/th>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">1.91<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">1.78<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">2.04<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">2.17<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">3.23<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"row\">C-reactive protein (&lt;<br \/>\n0.5 mg\/dl)<\/th>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">1.0<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">0.8<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">2.0<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">8.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"align-left\" scope=\"row\">Sodium (135\u2013145 mmol\/l)<\/th>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">138<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">138<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">154<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">155<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">No data<\/td>\n<td class=\"align-left\">156<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"spar0015\">RT-PCR, real-time polymerase chain reaction; Ct, cycle threshold.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"par0035\"><a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about Gastroscopy from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/gastroscopy\">Gastroscopy<\/a> and <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about colonoscopy from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/colonoscopy\">colonoscopy<\/a> were performed to investigate the cause of diarrhea further. Colonoscopy, in particular, demonstrated an ulcerative lesion of the left colonic flexure, which was histologically diagnosed as <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about ischemic colitis from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/ischemic-colitis\">ischemic colitis<\/a>. PCR-analysis on biopsy specimens, following a previously reported method (<a class=\"workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#bib0020\" name=\"bbib0020\">Kaltschmidt et al., 2021<\/a>), was negative for SARS-CoV-2. Treatment was supportive with <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about mesalazine from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/mesalazine\">mesalazine<\/a> and intravenous iron substitution. Subsequently, the patient\u2019s condition deteriorated under the development of renal insufficiency. On day 24, a patient in the same hospital room as our case tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. On day 25, our patient tested SARS-CoV-2 positive by real-time <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about PCR from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/polymerase-chain-reaction\">PCR<\/a> (RT-PCR), with a low cycle threshold (Ct) value indicating high <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about virus load from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/immunology-and-microbiology\/viral-load\">virus load<\/a>. On further analysis of the swab sample, there was no evidence for mutant SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.1.7, B.1.351 or B.1.1.28.1. Taken together, it appears the patient became infected from the patient in his hospital room. Our patient now presented with fever and respiratory discomfort, and <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about lung auscultation from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/lung-auscultation\">lung auscultation<\/a> displayed crackles. Despite starting supplemental oxygen (2 l per minute) and antibiotic therapy by <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about ceftriaxone from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/ceftriaxone\">ceftriaxone<\/a>, the patient died from acute renal and respiratory failure on the following day.<\/p>\n<p id=\"par0040\"><a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about Immunogenicity from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/immunogenicity\">Immunogenicity<\/a> assessment by measuring spike protein (S1) antigen-binding immunoglobulin (Ig) G in the serum samples obtained at day 25 showed <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about antibody response from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/antibody-response\">antibody response<\/a> (8.7 U\/ml, reference value &lt;0.8\u20131.2 U\/ml; Roche ECLIA&#x2122;), while (nucleocapsid) NCP-IgG\/IgM was not elicited (&lt;0.1 U\/ml, reference value &gt;1.0 U\/ml; Roche ECLIA&#x2122;). These results indicate that the patient had already developed relevant immunogenicity through vaccination.<\/p>\n<div>\n<p id=\"par0045\">Postmortem study revealed acute bilateral <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about bronchopneumonia from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/bronchopneumonia\">bronchopneumonia<\/a> with abscesses, sometimes being surrounded by bacterial cocci (<a class=\"workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#fig0005\" name=\"bfig0005\">Figure 1<\/a>). There were no findings of commonly described manifestations of COVID-19-associated <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about pneumonitis from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/immunology-and-microbiology\/pneumonitis\">pneumonitis<\/a>. In the heart, we found biventricular hypertrophy (weight 580 g) and histologically, we diagnosed <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about ischemic cardiomyopathy from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/ischemic-cardiomyopathy\">ischemic cardiomyopathy<\/a>. We detected <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about amyloidosis from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/amyloidosis\">amyloidosis<\/a> of the <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about transthyretin from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/transthyretin\">transthyretin<\/a> type in the heart and to a lesser extent in the lungs. The kidneys revealed both chronic damage with <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about arteriolosclerosis from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/arteriolosclerosis\">arteriolosclerosis<\/a> and <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about interstitial fibrosis from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis\">interstitial fibrosis<\/a>, and <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about acute renal failure from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/acute-kidney-injury\">acute renal failure<\/a> with hydropic tubular degeneration. The examination of the brain revealed a left parietal pseudocystic <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about tissue necrosis from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/tissue-necrosis\">tissue necrosis<\/a>, which was diagnosed as an old infarction area.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"fig0005\" class=\"figure text-xs\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ars.els-cdn.com\/content\/image\/1-s2.0-S1201971221003647-gr1.jpg\" alt=\"Figure 1\" height=\"691\" aria-describedby=\"cap0005\" \/><\/p>\n<ol class=\"links-for-figure\">\n<li><a class=\"anchor download-link u-font-sans\" title=\"Download high-res image (3MB)\" href=\"https:\/\/ars.els-cdn.com\/content\/image\/1-s2.0-S1201971221003647-gr1_lrg.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" download=\"\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">Download : <span class=\"download-link-title\">Download high-res image (3MB)<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"anchor download-link u-font-sans\" title=\"Download full-size image\" href=\"https:\/\/ars.els-cdn.com\/content\/image\/1-s2.0-S1201971221003647-gr1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" download=\"\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">Download : <span class=\"download-link-title\">Download full-size image<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p id=\"spar0005\"><span class=\"label\">Figure 1<\/span>. Synopsis of the relevant histological findings and the results of molecular mapping is presented. The histomorphology is obtained by standard <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about hematoxylin from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/haematoxylin\">hematoxylin<\/a> and <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about eosin from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/eosin\">eosin<\/a> reaction, except for the <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about myocardium from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/myocardium\">myocardium<\/a> on the right side (Congo red staining). The magnification is shown by bars. Note that in the lungs, we also observed colonies of cocci (arrow) in granulocytic areas. In addition, the results of molecular mapping are given as evaluated cycle threshold values of the real-time polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2. Note that only in the <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about olfactory bulb from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/olfactory-bulb\">olfactory bulb<\/a> and the liver SARS-CoV-2 could not be detected.<\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"par0050\">We conducted molecular mapping of 9 different anatomical parts of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue as previously described (<a class=\"workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#bib0020\" name=\"bbib0020\">Kaltschmidt et al., 2021<\/a>). RNA was extracted from paraffin sections using the Maxwell RSC (Promega, Madison, WI, USA). Multiplex RT-PCR analysis targeted 2 independent genes of the SARS-CoV-2-genome (Fluorotype SARS-CoV-2 plus Kit; HAIN\/Bruker, Nehren, Germany): RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (Target 1) and nucleopeptide (Target 2). The negative cut-off value was Ct &gt;45. We examined 9 different tissue samples for known and relevant pathways of virus spreading in the human body (<a class=\"workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#fig0005\" name=\"bfig0005\">Figure 1<\/a>). To prevent cross-contamination, each specimen was directly embedded in separate tissue cassettes and separately fixed in 4% phosphate-buffered saline-buffered <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about formalin from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/formaldehyde\">formalin<\/a>. We demonstrated <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about viral RNA from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/virus-rna\">viral RNA<\/a> in nearly all organs examined except for the liver and the <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about olfactory bulb from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/olfactory-bulb\">olfactory bulb<\/a> (<a class=\"workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#fig0005\" name=\"bfig0005\">Figure 1<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p id=\"par0055\">A detailed autopsy study including molecular virus mapping of a patient vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test post-vaccination has not previously been reported, to the authors\u2019 knowledge. We suggest that a single treatment with BNT162b2 <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about RNA vaccine from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/rna-vaccine\">RNA vaccine<\/a> elicited significant <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about immunogenicity from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/immunogenicity\">immunogenicity<\/a>, as reflected in the reported spike protein-based neutralizing IgG serum values. From the weeks before vaccination, through vaccination (day 1), to shortly before death (day 24), the patient was free of any clinical symptoms typically ascribed to COVID-19. Furthermore, blood work did not show an IgM titer that is generally observed 7\u201314 days after symptom onset (<a class=\"workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#bib0025\" name=\"bbib0025\">Kim et al., 2020<\/a>). However, the patient tested SARS-CoV-2 positive. Both the Ct value measured in nasopharyngeal swab and values measured in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded autopsy specimens indicate <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about viral load from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/immunology-and-microbiology\/viral-load\">viral load<\/a> and suggest transmissibility. Because our patient died approximately 2 days after his first positive SARS-CoV-2 test result, we suppose that the molecular mapping data reflects an early stage of viral infection. An early stage of infection might also explain why different regions such as the <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about olfactory bulb from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/olfactory-bulb\">olfactory bulb<\/a> and liver were not (yet) affected by systemic viral spread.<\/p>\n<p id=\"par0060\">We did not observe any <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about characteristic morphological from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/morphological-trait\">characteristic morphological<\/a> features of COVID-19 reported in comprehensive morphological autopsy studies so far (<a class=\"workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#bib0035\" name=\"bbib0035\">Schaller et al., 2020<\/a>, <a class=\"workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#bib0015\" name=\"bbib0015\">Edler et al., 2020<\/a>, <a class=\"workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#bib0005\" name=\"bbib0005\">Ackermann et al., 2020<\/a>). We did not find any typical signs of <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about diffuse alveolar damage from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/diffuse-alveolar-damage\">diffuse alveolar damage<\/a> in the lungs, but we identified extensive acute <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about bronchopneumonia from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/bronchopneumonia\">bronchopneumonia<\/a>, possibly of bacterial origin. We concluded that the patient died from bronchopneumonia and <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about acute renal failure from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/acute-kidney-injury\">acute renal failure<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p id=\"par0065\">Our findings are in line with previous evidence from animal models that immunization against SARS-CoV-2 by vaccination appeared to reduce the severity of pathogenesis, especially with regard to severe <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about lung disease from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/silo-fillers-disease\">lung disease<\/a>, while <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about viral RNA from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/virus-rna\">viral RNA<\/a> persisted in <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about nasal swabs from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/nose-smear\">nasal swabs<\/a> (<a class=\"workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#bib0040\" name=\"bbib0040\">Van Doremalen et al., 2020<\/a>, <a class=\"workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#bib0045\" name=\"bbib0045\">Vogel et al., 2021<\/a>). Recently, <a class=\"workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#bib0010\" name=\"bbib0010\">Amit et al. (2021)<\/a> published results on a clinical trial on healthcare workers using vaccine BNT162b2 that demonstrated substantial early reductions in SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptomatic COVID-19 rates following administration of the first vaccine dose.<\/p>\n<p id=\"par0070\">Concerning major adverse effects in patients receiving vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, local effects predominate, and severe systemic reactions are rarely described (<a class=\"workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#bib0050\" name=\"bbib0050\">Yuan et al., 2020<\/a>). However, recent reports of an increased risk of blood clots, particularly of <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about cerebral venous sinus thrombosis from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/cerebral-venous-sinus-thrombosis\">cerebral venous sinus thrombosis<\/a> in the case of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine (<a class=\"workspace-trigger\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#bib0030\" name=\"bbib0030\">Mahase 2021<\/a>), raised a matter of debate on the safety of COVID-19 vaccine in general. Comprehensive analysis of autopsy data must be performed to provide more detailed insights into lethal adverse effects and any deaths associated with vaccination.<\/p>\n<p id=\"par0075\">In summary, the results of our autopsy case study in a patient with mRNA vaccine confirm the view that by first dose of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about immunogenicity from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/immunogenicity\">immunogenicity<\/a> can already be induced, while sterile immunity is not adequately developed.<\/p>\n<section id=\"sec0005\">\n<h2 id=\"sect0020\" class=\"u-h3 u-margin-l-top u-margin-xs-bottom\">Conflicts of interest<\/h2>\n<p id=\"par0080\">The authors do not have any commercial or financial conflict of interest.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"sec0010\">\n<h2 id=\"sect0025\" class=\"u-h3 u-margin-l-top u-margin-xs-bottom\">Ethical approval<\/h2>\n<p id=\"par0085\">This case study was performed in the setting of the German national \u201cDefeat Pandemics\u201d project, approved by the Medical Association of Westphalia-Lippe, M\u00fcnster, Germany (Ref. 2020-575-b-S) and carried out in accordance with the ethical principles of the Helsinki Declaration. <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about Informed consent from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/informed-consent\">Informed consent<\/a> by the next-of-kin was available.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"sec0015\">\n<h2 id=\"sect0030\" class=\"u-h3 u-margin-l-top u-margin-xs-bottom\">Funding source<\/h2>\n<p id=\"par0090\">There was no funding received from any individual or organization.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"ack0005\">\n<h2 id=\"sect0035\" class=\"u-h3 u-margin-l-top u-margin-xs-bottom\">Acknowledgements<\/h2>\n<p id=\"par0095\">We are grateful for the expert technical assistance of Ralf Bode and <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about Nadine from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/ranitidine\">Nadine<\/a> Weber (University Hospital of OWL of the University of Bielefeld, Campus Lippe, Detmold).<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"Tail\"><\/div>\n<section id=\"bibl0005\" class=\"bibliography u-font-serif text-s\">\n<h2 class=\"section-title u-h3 u-margin-l-top u-margin-xs-bottom\">References<\/h2>\n<section id=\"bibs0005\" class=\"bibliography-sec\">\n<dl id=\"reference-links-bibs0005\" class=\"references\">\n<dt class=\"label\"><a id=\"ref-id-bib0005\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#bbib0005\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\">Ackermann et al., 2020<\/a><\/dt>\n<dd id=\"sbref0005\" class=\"reference\">\n<div class=\"contribution\">\n<p>M. Ackermann, S.E. Verleden, M. Kuehnel, A. Haverich, T. Welte, F. Laenger, <em> et al.<\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"ref-id-sbref0005\"><strong class=\"title\">Pulmonary vascular endothelialitis, thrombosis, and angiogenesis in Covid-19<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"host\">N Engl J Med, 383 (2020), pp. 120-128, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2015432\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10.1056\/NEJMoa2015432<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\">\n<div class=\"u-margin-m-right u-display-inline\"><\/div>\n<p><a class=\"link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejmoa2015432\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-describedby=\"ref-id-sbref0005\">CrossRef<\/a><a class=\"link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scopus.com\/inward\/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85086722950&amp;partnerID=10&amp;rel=R3.0.0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-describedby=\"ref-id-sbref0005\">View Record in Scopus<\/a><a class=\"link\" href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?title=Pulmonary%20vascular%20endothelialitis%2C%20thrombosis%2C%20and%20angiogenesis%20in%20Covid-19&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=M.%20Ackermann&amp;author=S.E.%20Verleden&amp;author=M.%20Kuehnel&amp;author=A.%20Haverich&amp;author=T.%20Welte&amp;author=F.%20Laenger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-describedby=\"ref-id-sbref0005\">Google Scholar<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"label\"><a id=\"ref-id-bib0010\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#bbib0010\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\">Amit et al., 2021<\/a><\/dt>\n<dd id=\"sbref0010\" class=\"reference\">\n<div class=\"contribution\">\n<p>S. 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Leshem<\/p>\n<div id=\"ref-id-sbref0010\"><strong class=\"title\">Early rate reductions of SARS-CoV2-infection and COVID-19 in BNT162b2 vaccine recipients<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"host\">Lancet, 397 (10277) (2021), pp. 875-877, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00448-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00448-7<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\"><a class=\"link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0140673621004487\" aria-describedby=\"ref-id-sbref0010\">Article<\/a><\/div>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"bibl0005\" class=\"bibliography u-font-serif text-s\">\n<section id=\"bibs0005\" class=\"bibliography-sec\">\n<dl id=\"reference-links-bibs0005\" class=\"references\">\n<dd id=\"sbref0010\" class=\"reference\">\n<div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\"><a class=\"anchor pdf link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0140673621004487\/pdfft?md5=3d711fc0cc9d4be820e85155114f900b&amp;pid=1-s2.0-S0140673621004487-main.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">Download PDF<\/span><\/a><a class=\"link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scopus.com\/inward\/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85101810853&amp;partnerID=10&amp;rel=R3.0.0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-describedby=\"ref-id-sbref0010\">View Record in Scopus<\/a><a class=\"link\" href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?title=Early%20rate%20reductions%20of%20SARS-CoV2-infection%20and%20COVID-19%20in%20BNT162b2%20vaccine%20recipients&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=S.%20Amit&amp;author=G.%20Regev-Yochay&amp;author=A.%20Afek&amp;author=Y.%20Kreiss&amp;author=E.%20Leshem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-describedby=\"ref-id-sbref0010\">Google Scholar<\/a><\/div>\n<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"label\"><a id=\"ref-id-bib0015\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647#bbib0015\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\">Edler et al., 2020<\/a><\/dt>\n<dd id=\"sbref0015\" class=\"reference\">\n<div class=\"contribution\">\n<p>C. Edler, A.S. Schr\u00f6der, M. Aepfelbacher, A. Fitzek, A. Heinemann, F. 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Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.<\/span><\/div>\n<p>___<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971221003647<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>First case of postmortem study in a patient vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74324","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74324","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=74324"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74324\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=74324"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=74324"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateofthenation.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=74324"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}